The Theoretical Study On The Mechanisms Of Beating Of The Flagellum And Cilia

The spermatozoon of most animals and plants has the structure of flagella. The flagella and cilia move themselves by exhibiting rhythmic beating. The experiment shows that the motive force for the beat is provided by dynein lying on the axonemal microtubule. The current studies on beating of the flagella and cilia mainly concentrate on two aspects: one is on the circulation pattern of dynein molecule's working; the other is on the mechanism of beating of the flagella and cilia.Studies on dynein have gained some achievements such as the tertiary structure of the dynein, dynamic characters of the single molecular, the circulation model of dynein ATPase's working and so on. With regard to the studies of the mechanisms of the beating of flagella and cilia, it is still a very wide unknown field to investigate. The studies on the mechanism of the beating of the flagella and cilia have pointed their microstructure and sliding theory, but the dynamical mechanism has not formed, which remains on suspecting and hypothesizing.The thesis is divided into three parts. In part 1, the structures of the flagella and cilia, and the theory of microtubule sliding are introduced. In part 2, the structures of dynein and the mechanical measurements on individual dynein are introduced, which is the basis of investigating the bending of flagella and cilia. In part 1 and 2, Yu Ying's introduction of the basement knowledge is sited. In part 3, the shear angle equation of the swinging of the flagella is given based on the experiment of imitating the bond-slip shear angle curves of the flagella and cilia. The bending curves derived from the equation are very similar to the experimental ones, so that the qualitative study on the propagating of the flagella's wave is carried on. Meanwhile, it can be inferred that the waveform of the swinging of the flagella should be similar to stationary wave through the hypothesis on the structure of the flagella. The shear angle curves, which are pointing to axial filament when the flagella is swinging, are obtained based on the given parameters of the flagella. Comparing with the shear angle curves of various species from the experiment, we can find that the experimental data are similar to the experimental curves. Therefore, the conclude of the thesis is that the hypothesis is rational, which will be helpful for studying the dynamical theory of the beating of flagella and cilia.