| DaQing Mountain located in the middle of Yin Mountains in Inner Mongolia. The southern mountain and hilly country extended southward from DaQing Mountain, mainly refer to Liangcheng,Helingeer and Qingshuihe of Inner Mongolia. It lies between 109°46′～113°04′E,39°58′～40°41′N and in the transition zone between Mongolia-Xinjiang Region and North China region of the bryophytes regionalization in China, and the investigation in detail and research to species diversity on bryophytes haven't been done in this area. Through the research, the bryophytes species composition in DaQing Mountain,the southern mountain and hilly country will be known, which can supply basic information for bryophytes research in China, and the research on species diversity will offer theory for the bryophytes diversity conservation in DaQing Mountain.In this paper, the author systematically studied 1111 packages of bryophytes, and found out that 186 species (including varieties and subspecies) of bryophytes have been found, which belonging to 91 genera and 37 families.Among which there are 18 species of liverworts belonging to 13 genera and 11 families and 168 species of mosses (including varieties and subspecies) belonging to 78 genera and 26 families. Of these,140 species in 79 genera and 35 families of bryophytes in DaQing Mountain,117 species in 61 genera and 26 families of bryophytes in the southern mountain and 31 species in 18 genera and 9 families of bryophytes in the hilly country were reported.1 genus and 9 species are new records to Inner Mongolia.And 10 rare and endangered bryophytes are listed. The characteristics of dominant families and genera in DaQing Mountain, the southern mountain and hilly country were also discussed.According to "The areal-types of Chinese genera of seed plants" by Wu Zheng-yi,8 types of the bryoflora in this region are recongnized. Among them, North Temperate, East Asian and Endemic to China elements account for 53.76%,12.37% and 2.15%, repectively. It reflected an obvious temperate trait and typical East Asian characteristic.The species abundance, dominant families, specific similarity coefficient and geographical elements were compared among of these areas, namely DaQing Mountain, HeLan Mountain, GuanCen Mountain, QiLaoTu Mountain, the eastern Tianshan, ChangBai Mountain and XiTianMu Mountain. The result of cluster analysis, according to floristic spectrums of the seven areas, showed that the bryoflora of HeLan Mountain was the closest one to DaQing Mountain, GuanCen Mountain and QiLaoTu Mountain were closer to DaQing Mountain, while ChangBai Mountain and the eastern Tianshan were farther from the other areas and XiTianMu Mountain was the farthest one.The comparison results also indicated the transitional characteristic of bryoflora of DaQing Mountain.The aboundance of bryophytes in eight typical habitats were investigated,it was arranged from high to low as following:white birch forest>arid rock>arid soil>humid soil>humid rock>the woods>ruce forest>hydrophilous habitat, and different habitats have different dominant species.Through the research to species diversity at different habitats in DaQing Mountain, we found the species diversity of white birch forest is the highest one, then are arid rock, arid soil, humid soil, humid rock, the woods and ruce forest, and hydrophilous habitat is the lowest one,and the Shannon-Wiener value are 3.99,3.70,3.58,3.09,2.93,2.68,2.15,1.53,repectively. It is showed that white birch forest is the center of bryophyte diversity. So it should be paid attention in DaQing Mountain. Also the Pielous value are not much different among these habitats except humid rock, it is a good support to what was said above.
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