Seismic Facies Analysis Of The Carbonate Reef And Bank

Reservoir of organic reef and bank has some characteristics such as good reservoir properties, large abundance, high productivity and low cost of exploration, oil and gas resource reserved in it is always considered to be a valuable asset and catches the world's attention, so it plays a important role in carbonate oil and gas fields.As the current recognization of the reef and bank in domestic and abroad is still inconsistent, this paper summarizes the reef and bank and its complex body's basic concepts and features,including the definition, composition, classification, construction and destruction factors and basic characteristics of organic bank and reef-bank complex. This text stresses the reef and bank seismic response characteristics combining with literature, and selects some representative sections of the reef and bank to illustrate their characteristics by comparing with actual data carefully.Seismic facies analysis is the core of seismic stratigraphy, on the next step we will introduce the concept of seismic facies and their identification mark, summarize seismic facies characters in carbonate depositional system, and obtain the methods and criteria of the interpretation of the seismic facies that is transforming seismic facies into sedimentary facies. Taking advantage of seismic numerical simulation, we can not only create seismic recognition models of different geologic bodies, but also effectively avoid the multiple solutions of seismic events by actual data, so it can improve the interpretation accuracy. In the text we utilize the convolution method for modeling a simple three-dimensional tidal channel, and it is proved correct by sliced model. The numerical simulation method by solving the wave equation, of which contains rich information of wave field, can fully reflect the kinetics and kinematics characteristics of seismic wave. We simulate the reef and bank's seismic response based on the use of wave equation method in zero-offset frequency-wave number domain, the results is significant for the identification of carbonate reef and bank. Stratimagic software is a package which devotes to the analysis of seismic facies, lithology interpretation, and reservoir description. The advanced technologies and methodologies such as artificial neural network and principal component analysis in it can analyze and interpret for seismic attributes and corresponding geological features. It can achieve automatic classification of seismic facies for seismic traces and multi-attribute data volume in the same time window or variable time window interval. This article gives an account of the principle based on artificial neural network and principal component analysis method. We use a lot of real data for experiments, analysis, comparison, summary the selection principle of interval window, waveform classification number, and the number of iterations, components and other parameters.This paper creates seismic facies diagram based on the above principles of the parameters selecting to classify the sedimentary facies and achieves good results; Waveform classification combined with T0 map, attributes analysis, and seismic profile is applied to the identification of tidal channel also achieve remarkable results, which fully demonstrates that the waveform classification is not only applied to the classification of sedimentary facies but also play a role in the identification of abnormal seismic reflection body. Fluid identification technology based on seismic data plays a very important role in reservoir prediction, taking Sichuan LG block for example, replace the amplitude data with the fluid factor data, we establish seismic facies diagram by waveform classification method and PCA analysis method combining with well data, and try to analyze and identify fluid through the way of facies classification by using such tools.