Studies On The Synthesis And Characterization Of One-Dimensional Nano Materials

One-dimensional structures such as nanotubes and nanowires have attracted much attention due to their scientific significance and potential technological applications. Developing new preparation methods and new systems of one-dimensional nanomaterials is a very important topic in current research activities in the fields of physics, chemistry and materials science, which are also the main contents of this article. The main results of this study are summarized as folio wings:Firstly, the effect of rare earth-doped catalyst to the synthesis of carbon nanotubes was systemic studied; the vary of morphology and content of catalyst in the catalysis synthesis process of carbon nanotubes was also deeply investigated, which is helpful to the understanding of carbon nanotube growth mechanism. We found a novel "weight effect of catalyst to the carbon nanotube CVD growth, which can dramatically enlarge the net ratio of carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, by changing the reactant, new carbon nanotubes doped with nitrogen was fabricated.Secondly, based on the successful catalysis synthesis of aluminum borate nanowires, a method to synthesize this excellent enhanced material with large yield was developed. By the same method, our group fabricated gallium borate nanowires for the first time in the world. In addition, in the process of attempt of synthesizing other metal borate, a poly-scale micro-pole structure in alumina boat was found and using it as template, micrometer array of borate was synthesized. We also have some efforts in the synthesis of single crystal boron nanowires, in which we happened to synthesize a multiplex metal oxide -magnesium aluminate nanowires.Finally, we had initially tried on several novel methods, such as melted solution method and directly oxidation, for the synthesis of nanomaterials. For example, we had ever succeeded in synthesizing alumina nanobelts and zinc oxide micro-andnanostructure and even macromolecule nanobelts. It is noteworthy that we advanced a novel technology of "controllable partial pressure of metal vapor by melted alloy", by which various morphologies and diameters micro- and nanostractures of zinc oxide could be produced in a gram scale in air atmosphere. This method has the attributes of low cost, simple process, fast reaction, and high yield and also the promising application in the industrial produce of zinc oxide nanomaterials and other metal oxide nanomaterials.