Research On The Migration Of Charged Ion In Vertical Electrophoresis

In the last few years, electrophoresis technology has been used widely in the separation and determination of charged ions. However, it is applied mainly in the microanalysis and there are few reports in the continuous operation. Since the migration of charged ions has the direct influence on the efficiency of separation and determination, therefore, the research on the migration of charged ions in the electrophoresis can help to optimize the electrophoresis conditions to obtain good results.Firstly, the migration of Cl* in seawater is studied using the large electrophoresis equipment with a volume of 30L. The influence of voltage, flow rate, padding properties on concentration of Cl" is researched. The fitted curve of relationship between conductivity and Cl" concentration is obtained. According to the curve, the concentration of Cl" at different location of electrophoresis chamber is measured. The migration of Cl" in the process of electrophoresis is studied. Secondly, a new subminiature (the volume is 60mL) electrophoresis equipment (SEE) has been designed. The distinguishing configuration feature of SEE compared with the former is the addition of two cooling chambers to reduce the effect of forming heat on electrophoresis. Finally, selecting Na2SO4 and mixture of amino acid as the research object, the migration of charged ions in Na2SO4 and mixture of lysine and glycin is investigated.The conclusions obtained by the large electrophoresis equipment are as follows: the bigger the voltage, the easier the migration of Cl" while keeping the fixed flow rate; the migration extent of Cl" is strengthened at first and then weakened with the increase of flow rate when the carborundum is used; the optimal flow rate is found at which the maximum migration quantity of Cl' is obtained, and the desalting efficiency is well; the comparison of two kinds of padding show that the smaller the diameter of padding, the better effect of disperse for influx, therefore the bigger the migration extent of charged ion in vertical electrophoresis; at certain pH, the relationship of conductivity and Cl" concentration is linear; the distribution of Cl" in transverse and longitudinal direction of electrophoresis chamber is nearly the same with the theoretical values, but the departure from theoretical values using quartz sand is bigger than using carborundum.The conclusions obtained by SEE are as follows: the supporting medium--filter paperhas obvious influence on the experiment results at the beginning of reaction, but when the equipment run steadily, the influence can be neglected; the migration extent of SO42- is strengthened and the distribution of SO42- is concentrated with the increase of voltage; the ratio of migration rate of SO42- to Na+ is different from that of the theory analysis; the migrationregularity of ampholyte amino acid is more complex than that of inorganic ion and the obvious regularity is not found in the experiment; in electrical field, the lysine is charged easier than glycin, so the migration quantity of lysine is larger than glycin; the voltage has obviously influence on the migration of amino acid; the new equipment can be applied to separate inorganic ions and some improvements for equipment and further research on conditions of electrophoresis should be undertaken to separate ampholyte amino acid.