Fabrication Of One-dimensional Nanomaterials Of Magnetic Oxide Under Hydrothermal Condition

The iron oxide is a kind of functional materials with great importance. It has been usedin the field of coating, plastics, rubber, ceramic, glass, printing ink, pigment,cosmetic, catalyst, paper making, medication, food stuff packaging, feeding stuffadditives et al. For a long time, and it is the inorganic pigment just inferior to titaniumoxide which is the most useful pigment. In addition, ferric oxide is usually used as rawmaterials for the preparation of ferrites, catalyzer, polishing agents, magnetic fluids,magnetic materials for information storage, gas sense organs et al. The soft magneticferrites made mainly from Fe3O4 are important functional materials with wide applicationsand the devices made from these ferrites are the basic magnetic organs in industries. Theirapplications come down to the field of electron, communication, machinery andelectricity,automobile,metallurgy,space flight and aviation,traffic system,biology,medicine, et al. The ferrite and their devices have great effects on the development of theadvanced technologies, the speed of the national economic development and theimprovement of the people's living levels. Due to their wide foregrounds of developmentand the anticipative market potentials, more and more attentions have been focused on thedevelopment of high-quality ferrites materials at large-scale among the world-wideresearchers in this field. As the important raw materials for the preparation of ferrites, theresearch and produce of high-quality Fe3O4 powders has been ranked as the scientific andtechnical industry which will accept special supports from the country in future, and iscertain to have important effects on the whole ferrite industry. Recently,one-dimensional nanostructure,such as nanowires,nanorods,nanobeltsand nanotubes has become the main subjects of many research group at home and abroad.One-dimensional materials refer to the materials whose diameter is 1-100nm and length isseveral micrometers. It is usually considered as interconnects during the construction ofnanoapparatus. Therefore if it can be synthesized at nanoscale, which will improve itsmagnetic property at long axis and perform as nanoconstruction unit with higher efficiencyin terms of its magnetism. The subject of this paper choose cheap iron salt as main raw material, and obtain aseries of one-dimensional magnetite and hematite via hydrothermal/solvothermal methods.This paper includes three different means that can get one-dimensional magnetite withdifferent aspect ratio. The morphology, composition and magnetism of the final productswere characterized by SEM, TEM, VSM and XRD. The result is as follows:Synthesis of magnetite nanorods with PEG as template under hydrothermal condition.In this section, we take advantage of the interaction between iron ions and PEG,which directs the growth of one-dimensional nanostructure.Fabrication of magnetite nanorods via homogeneous precipitation with urea asprecipitant. Urea will decompose at 100°C and release ammonia that will increase thepH value of the system. Thus controllable growth of magnetite is realized.Magnetite nanoparticles can grow into one-dimensional nanowires under conditions ofconcentrated base. In this condition, magnetite nanowires with relatively long aspectratio could be obtained.