The Study On Evaluating Eco-Environment Impact Resulted From Large-project Based On RS

With the high-speed development of technology and production, humankind change their living space with an unprecedented scale and speed, and the intension of impact on the nature rises increasingly, Which leads people to pay more attention to the environmental changes resulted from human activities and the counteraction of environment on humankind. Thus it becomes an important content of the environmental protection to establish a system based on the techniques of RS and GIS and use which to assess the eco-environment impact from large-project.Based on the progress in monitoring and assessing eco-environment using RS at home and abroad, this paper established a system of monitoring and assessing the eco-environment impact resulted from large-project based on RS. The main research contents can be summarized as follows: On the basis of analyzing monitoring contents based on RS of each kind of project, the monitoring index system was put forward; The techniques of getting main indices were brought forward based on the previous task; An assessing index system based on RS and a method of assessing the eco-environment impact were advanced, here the method is to use the Synthetic Index as basic clue, intergrated with Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Clustering.Taking the system as the theoretical framework, the eco-environment impact of QingHai-Hibet railway from Yangbajing to Lhasa pass were synthetically analyzed. Results showed that the construction activities were mainly on both sides of the railway within 1KM, mostly engrossed farmland and grassland with mid or low-cover, that the proportion of land types transformed larger in 2KM on both sides of the railway, of which high-cover grassland and woodland increased evidently, that the construction affected the ecosystem structure largely on nearer sides of the railway, with more fragmented, that a majority of the Vegetation Degree reduced differently, and that the land Degradation Index changed little. As a whole, the construction of QingHai-Hibet railway haven't impact circumjacent eco-environment evidently, and the effects of the eco-environmental protection in railway construction is notable. This result is consistent with other researches and the fact, which indicated that the system we established is capable of reflecting impact on eco-environment, and can use for reference for other projects.