The Exploration Of Liquid Structure By Studying The Resistivity Of PbBi And InSn Alloy

Liquid structure has been one of important subjects in scientific development. The study about resistivity plays an important role in exploring liquid structure because resistivity is sensitive to structure and resistivity method is simple and practicable. In this paper, liquid structure of binary alloys was studied by investigating how the resistivity varies with temperature variation. As follows, it is most content in this paper:(1) Electrical resistivities of pure Pb, Bi and PbBi alloy were measured by four-electrode contact method. The change of the resistivity for PbBi alloy is different from that of pure Pb and Bi, which linearly increases with temperature increasing. The resistivities of four compositions depend linearly on temperature and the resistivity-temperature gradient a keeps basically a constant below the transition temperature T_t. Though the resistivity of the alloy still increases with increasing temperature, the a increases after T_T. The transition is caused by liquid-liquid structure transition that Pb-Pb clusters and Bi-Bi clusters are broken and new Pb-Bi atomic bond builds up, by which the relatively homogeneous liquid structure comes into being. It is considered that the transition is caused by multivalence alloy having different valence electron at different temperature.(2) The resistivity of liquid InSn alloy unusually varies with temperature variation. The unusual change is considered to be caused by the structure transition that In-In clusters and Sn-Sn covalent bonds gradually transform into In-Sn clusters during heating. Electron transition between two energy levels occurs easily because electronic shell structure isn't stable at high temperature and unoccupied level is gradually filled up for InSn alloy. What's more, the resistivity of PbBi alloy slops up with increasing content of Bi, while that of InSn alloy is biggest in InSn49.1 composition at the same temperature.(3) The device to measure thermal power of alloy was primarily designed. It proves the device can be used to explore liquid structure. But the device is expected to be further developed.