Study On Ecological Re-cultivation Techniques And Demonstration Of Abandoned Limestone Quarries In Huajiang Karst Gorge, Guizhou

The fragile ecological environment in karst areas forms a uniquehuman-land system. With the population rapidly increasing, the unreasonablebehaviors of people have produced some negative impacts, causing the tensesituation of human-land relationship that leads ecological environment todeteriorating and affects social and economic development in karst areas, andgetting into a vicious circle between poorness and destroying. In the recent years, with building industry booming, the need ofarchitectural materials is being increased greatly and stone-mining industry issubsequently booming. But, mining stones in the fragile ecological environment,because of no reasonable programming, has brought in some environmentalproblems, such as ground depression, land retirement by abandoned rocks, tensesoil and water erosion by man and local water body pollution, which cause landsto be rock desertification by man, increasing some difficulty in controlling therock desertification, and affect local society, economy and environment. Atpresent, mining stone belongs to a ravening exploitative behavior, which doesgreat damage to the environment around the quarries and gets it difficult to be asit was. So we must carry out ecologic re-cultivation to stop ecologicalenvironment deteriorating, and then, on the principle that the one that destroyedit should re-cultivate it, adopt corresponding measures aiming at the destroyersto get the destroyed lands to be available. On the basis of such theories as ecological economics, restoration ecology,landscape ecology, sustainable development and regional system in human-landrelationship, the paper, adopting artificial forestation as a main techniqueguidance and typical sample plot research based on indoor and field work as amain studying method, surveys the sample plots in different ecologicalre-cultivation models in Huajiang studying area with their terrain, elevation,slope angle, slope direction and rock bed, in order to clarify the distribution ofquarries in the studying area, then combined with the actuality, tries to growcrop plants in a small scope as the trial areas based on three modes( naturalecological re-cultivation model, simple stereo ecological re-cultivation modeland engineering ecological re-cultivation model ). With 20×10 m2 as standardplot area, the paper carries on an all-wood measurement of all species in thestudying area, and surveys the sample plots quarterly, in order to predict theirecological structure and function. In this process, this paper has drawn out themap of mining stone materials in the beginning and the section charts of threeecological re-cultivation models on the spot. In Huajiang, low agricultural production, bad social conditions, simpleeconomic activities and small commercialization determine objectively a lowand difficult beginning of local economic development. The paper defines theconcept of limestone quarry for the first time, that is, the abandoned lands by thelocal peasants with certain techniques excavating the marbles for buildingmaterials and road construction. The targets of establishing ecologicalre-cultivation models are to improve local ecological environment and to changethe situation of tense human-land relationship caused by the raveningmanagement out of the predicament of "more poverty more cultivation and morecultivation more poverty" in the mountainous areas. Through the investigations,the paper finds that vegetation cover rate is higher in each model than in theoriginal quarry. Combined with the actuality in Huajiang demonstration area andbased on the comparison of three models in ecological, economical and socialeffects, the paper finds that in natural ecological re-cultivation model itsecological effect is obvious and the cost is small, but economic effect is bad, notreaching the expected purpose, and that in engineering ecological re-cultivationmodel its ecological effect is bad, the cost is high, and the peasants participate init inactively, so its effects of ecology, economy and society are very bad, andthat in simple stereo ecol...