Study On Preparation Of Ionic Liquids Composed Of The Alkyl Imidazolium Cation And Its Application In Organic Synthesis

Ionic liquid is liquid materials totally formed by ions under the room temperature or the nearby temperature (-30~50 °C). It is also called room temperature ionic liquid or room temperature molten salts, etc. In recent years, ionic liquid is received more anda more research efford due to their application as an eviroment-friendly solvent in organic synthesis. Ionic liquid has different types, like substituted N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolium, N-alkylpyridinium, tetraalkylammonium, tetraalkylphosphonium cation and so on, among which the ionic liquid that composed of the organic N-alkyl-N'-alkylimidazolium as the cation has attracted specied interest, and the N-methylimidazolium ionic liquid also received much research attention. Nevertheless, other alkylimidazoliums have been researched seldom. For this reason, this paper includes the four parts. The first one is the way to synthesis ionic liquid after using domestic N-alkylimidazole. The second is the process of accelerate the synthesis of ionic liquids with microwave.The third is the process of measure ionic liquid's conductivity and viscosity. The forth is the way to study the Knoevnagel reaction with microwave after using formated ionic liquid. This paper divides into two parts: summary and experiment. The summary includes: the classification of ionic liquid; the synthesis and quality of ionic liquid; the application of ionic liquid to organic synthesize, electrochemisty, chemical separation; the synthesis and application of chiral ionic liquid. The content of the experiment includes four respects. 1. Study on preparation of ionic liquids composed of alkylimidazolium. Synthesize ionic liquids composed of alkylimidazolium containing halogen anion after utilizing quarternary amination reaction between N-alkylimidaolium and halogenated hydrocarbon; among different solvents, make the ionic liquid including BF4ˉby using the difference between NaBF4 and NaX solubility in the same solvent; get the ionic liquid which contains two imidazole rings. All the products were characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The experimental result shows that this kind of experimental method is simpler, the products are easier to purify and there is no appendage to produce. What 'more, we can get higher productivity in this way. In a word, it is an easy way to synthesize imidazolium ionic liquid. 2. Study on preparation of ionic liquids composed of alkylimidazolium with microwave. Utilizing the particularity of microwave reaction and the good absorption of the microwave, and a series of ionic liquids will be got. The advantages as following: shorter reaction time, higher productivity and only using some organic solvent. 3. Measurement and analysis on ionic liquids'conductivity and viscosity to lay the foundation for the future. 4. Study on ionic liquids accelerated the Knoevnagel reaction under microwave. Utilizing the good absorption of ionic liquid from microwave radiation and under Knoevnagel reaction of microwave radiation by adding the ionic liquid, which amount can catalyze the reaction, as absorbefacient, the good productivity of (E)-?-nitryl styrene can be got. While Knoevnagel reaction, the absorption of different kinds of ionic liquid reacting can be compared.