Experimental Study On Preparation Of Biodiesel From Methyl Esterification Of Industial Waste Oil With High Acid Value

There is an increasing worldwide concern for environmental protection and for the conservation of non-renewable natural resources. For this reason the possibility of developing alternative energy sources to replace traditional fossil fuels has been receiving a large interest in the last few decades. The main advantages of using this alternative fuel are its renewability, better quality exhaust gas emissions, its biodegradability and, given that all the organic carbon present is photosynthetic in origin, it does not contribute to a net rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and consequently to the greenhouse effect. The production of fatty acid methyl esters, to be used as an environmentally more friendly substitute for fossil diesel fuels, has been studied. It has become more attractive recently because of its envirometal benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable resources. There are many ways to produce biodiesel and the most commonly used method is transesterification. In this study, the Industrial Waste Oil (IWO) with high acid value and methanol (MeOH) were used to produce biodiesel. Before the reaction, however, the waste oil must be refined to lower its warter content, acid value. The transesterification reaction is manily affected by four factors:molar ratio of oil to methanol, catalysts, reaction temperature and reaction time .In this work, A series of laboratory experiments were carried out to test the conversion of biodiesel under various conditions. The process of biodiesel production was optimized by application of the factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) response (percent weight conversion) to obtain the optimum conditions for biodiesel synthesis. The results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were:molar ratio of oil to methanol 5.95:1, catalysts 1.0g NaOH/100g oil, reaction temperature 65 ℃ , reaction time 64min, reaction temperature 65 ℃.The production analysis showed that the physical and chemical characteristics of the product were closer to diesel fuel ,which made them a good substitute for Diesel fuel.