Lake And Reservoir Water Environmental Management Model And A Case Study

Environment and resources are exposed to more and more pressuresbecause of the speedy rise of the economy and population. Currently, theeconomy of the vicinities of the lakes and reservoirs throughout our nationgo up speedily,the requirement of water increased, but the supply of waterdecreases and exchange slowly, the pollution-acceptance capacity of waterenvironment goes down but the sewage discharge goes up, nearly all the lakesor reservoirs are eutrophic. Presently, the treatments for lakes and reservoirsare not enough, so there are three primary reservoir environmental problems:i.eutrophication;ii. the serious organic pollution;iii.the ecology environmentaldisturbance, mostly include reservoir atrophy,the capacity of water reducingand the destruction of the ecology environment of the areas near the reservoir.In our country water conditions of the lakes and reservoirs increasinglydeteriorate, scientific and effective water resource management are called byprominent water pollution, especially the drinking water security for thepeople. Currently, the treatment of water pollution and water environmentalmanagement tasks for lakes and reservoirs all over our country didn't satisfythe need of the serious water pollution and the austere situation of waterprevented and cured." The eleventh five-year planning overview for nationaleconomy and society development"and "The State Department decision oncarrying out the scientific and developing view"demand to strengthen theprotections of the drinking water and strictly prohibit polluting waterresources from breed aquatics. How to do the reservoir water environmentalmanagement well, how to control water pollution well and ameliorate thequality of water have been the realistic problems that were in dire need ofbeing solved.The paper finds the eutrophication of the lakes and reservoirs waterenvironment have been the most prominent problem and cried for solvedthrough study. This is caused by the deteriorated point source pollution andnon-point source pollution with speedy rise of the national economy. In thepoint source pollution aspect, the execution for a series of ordinances onrestricting industry sewage discharge not only lessened the industrywastewater pouring, but also made more effluent comply with criterion, sorealized the industry wastewater controlled well. However, the increase ofpopulation and the advance of people's living level resulted in domesticsewage effluent increased by degrees year and year. A great deal of domesticsewage directly entered water environment made serious pollution attribute tothe low sewage treatment rate. Therefore, although industry wastewater hadbeen controlled better, the domestic sewage pollution was still more and moreserious, point source pollution had a lot of work to do all the same. In thenon-point source pollution aspect, the mostly use of fertilizer and pesticidebecause of the speedy development of the stockbreeding resulted in moreserious non-point source pollution, controlling non-point source pollution willbe keystone of our future work.Through the investigation of the vicinities of the Xinlicheng reservoir, itis found that non-point source pollutions in this area are mostly caused by thelivestock breeding because of the currently speedy development of thestockbreeding, this made phosphorus totally reached 566.85 ton per year in2004. Plenty of non-treated and unregulated dumps livestock excreta enterwater environment by rainfall flow and snow-melted, which made waterenvironmental disturbance. Livestock breeding in the vicinities of theXinlicheng reservoir have been the most predominant problem for non-pointsource pollution.It is achieved a conclusion that reservoir environmental managementmodel can realize reservoir environmental management on the base of waterresource management ,reservoir water quality management and reservoirwater quality model home and abroad. The aim for reservoir environmentalmanagement was to determine the permitting discharge quantity and thepermitting water quantity taking away for pollutants to realize waterenvironmental management object. It is the task of environmentalmanagement that attempt to determine the permitting exploited quantity oncondition that the ordinary ecology required water quantity of the lakes andreservoirs were sufficed and the decreasing discharge quantity or treated ratefor each polluted source, so that they can comply with the ordinant watercriterion in the ordinant time.The paper triumphtly applied linear programming to the reservoir waterenvironmental management model from the linearity theory, on the hypothesisthat the sewage from non-point source pollution to the reservoir water bodythrough the designated entrance, put a coupling that included point sourcepollution factors and non-point source pollution factors into a unitive reservoirwater environmental management model, this model was more patulous andadvanced compared with the ancient reservoir water environmentalmanagement models.The paper also brought forward a viewpoint that estimated non-pointsource pollution by Equivalent Pollution Load Method, used convertedcoefficient to quantitatively estimate the ratio between the quantity producedby non-point source pollution and the quantity actually entered the reservoir,used the green carrying capacity of croplands for livestock managementstrategy to realize the scientific management for livestock excreta.Demonstration proved reservoir water environmental management modelwas effective tool for water environmental management. The modelsufficiently took the impact on reservoir water environment from the pointsource and non-point source sewage discharge into account, used SimplexSearch to determine the optimal management project for reservoir waterenvironmental management. We discussed the future managementcountermeasure for the vicinities of the Xinlicheng reservoir and providedscientific gist for doing the water environmental management work well.We achieved the future management countermeasure for the vicinities ofthe Xinlicheng reservoir from the real examples, brought forward the watersupply for the Xinlicheng reservoir should execute reservoir water qualitystandard.There are problems that which criterion the riverway reservoirs shouldexecute because of the water environmental standard on the total phosphorousof the river and reservoir were different. The paper applied reservoir waterquality model to calculate then we found the concentration at designatedsupervise stations can arrive at criterion only if the water supply for theXinlicheng reservoir executed the reservoir water quality criterion. This alsoprovided a measure for reservoir water quality management.