| The sediment is the important constituent of the lake reservoir. It can reflect the historical process of the lake reservoir. The pollution of the sediment of the water body already became an environment problem in an scope of the world, therefore the investigation and the research for the content of the pollutant and the distribution characteristic in the sediment, the processing handling question of the polluted sediment are to become the important research at present. This paper used the soil column and the artificial wetland control (ecology filter tank) experiments and the open wild stationing investigation on takes appearance union the method thoroughly systematically to study the present situation of the sediment in Baiyangdian Lake and the pollution degree and a series of transformation and the evolution situation which occurred under the reed ' biosphere, and the mechanism of the sediment purification and is polluted to the reed to move imharmful processing to carry on the discussion. The main results were shown as fellow:(1) Investigation in 2004 about the sediment in Baiyangdian Lake was made. There were 21 monitoring sites, monitoring items were Cu Zn Cd Pb TN TP TOC and pH. Consulting domestic relevant standard, set up sediment pollute evaluation criterion. The results showed that the sediment pollution from the heavy metal(Cd and Pb) was quite obvious, and most of them was polluted. The sediment samples were highly polluted by Cd, pollution endangers the order as Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu. The synthetic index of sediment pollution was 3.583, which was five grade strong pollution. The bridge of Anxin, SouthLiu village, Tongkou, Liangzhuang, Wangjiazhai is the most serious in pollution. Assessing the geoaccumulation index and the potential ecological risk, and analyzing the pollution causes and the mass fraction of heavy metals in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake, and the historical materials have been compared with and analyzed. The results showed that the contents of Cd, Pb is very high in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake. It is to show that extremely stronger ecological risk for Cd and slight-medium ecological risk for Pd. The pollution degree is stronger of Cd and medium of Pb. Accord to the current situation of Baiyangdian Lake. It has put forward the administration measure suggestion.(2) How to dispose the polluted sediment which comes into being during the dredging, has been always a world-wide problem. The analysis results of sediment by sampled June of 2004 in Baiyangdian lake showed that the content of N, P and organic matters is relatively high in the sediment, and there are the polluted trendy of different extents on the heavy metals of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. The experiment of soil columnwithout destroying soil structure on influence of different environmental factors to change of sediment has been conducted by controlling pH, C/N and added water of the column. The results indicates that the condition of lower pH (7.3), middle C/N (12:1) and higher added water volume (80L) is beneficial to the disposal of sediment by planted reed.(3) Filter ecological experiments show that during the increase in consumption with the sediment, the reeds growing trend, biomass, the height of the reed were also increased. Great mud usage (3# pool) is obvious dynamic changes in a year, despite the reeds grow away a part of the material, but within the elemental content of sediment is not obvious changes, especially effective heavy metals ways only slightly declined.
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