The Study On Electrodeposit Rules Of Cathode Current Collectors Of Alkaline Batteries And Its Electrochemical Capability

The advantage of zinc powder is low cost,little poison and easy treatment, so zinc powder is used as negative material of zinc manganese dioxide batteries. Zinc electrode has many problem in course of zinc electrode working,such as dendrite growth,shape-changing,corrosion;so hydrogen evolution is easily. It makes batteries inflate and leak to shorten the life of reserving and using. Formerly,the main way to solve these problems is to add mercury and its oxide to zinc electrode, mercury is deleterious to human and circumstance, so all countries constitute laws and statutes to restrict the using of mercury. The using of zinc manganese dioxide batteries is more and more popular,so researching mercury-free batteries is more important.In this paper, we prepared some electrode using electroplating means which restrain hydrogen from evoluting. The condition of electrode preparation and electrochemical capability were investigated with some electrochemical means.The main experiments and their results are as following.1. Effect of organic additives such as 4-phenyl-3-en-2-one and SN-A on tin electrodeposition from acid solution was investigated with some electrochemical means such as cyclic voltammogras, potential step and AC impendace.The results showed that the division of peaks between anodic and cathodic on the electrodeposition of tin with organic additives will be up to 0.9 V, which showed the irreversible electrode process;and a inductive current cycle was appeared, which means the process of nucleation;4-phenyl-3-en-2-one and SN-A inhibit tin electrodeposition, therefore cause the deposition potential of tin to more negative. The inhibition effect of 4-phenyl-3-en-2-one is stonger than SN-A and 4-phenyl-3-en-2-one could also inhibit hydrogen evolution, the electrocrystallization of tin with organic additives follow the mechanism of instantaneous nucleation and three dimensional growth.2. Technics conditions and cathodic reaction mechanism of electroplating indium were studied by some electrochemical means, such as CV, LSV, EIS, etc. The results showed that the pH ranging from 2 to 3 and the temperature ranging from 35 to 45℃ were the most appropriate conditions of electroplating indium in the system. There were a preliminary chemical reaction and two non-reversible electrochemical reaction in the cathodic process, and the first electrochemical reaction was a manipulative step of wholeprocess. The standard constant of cathodic process electrode reaction was 8.188 x 10"10 cm-s'1 .3. Sn> In and Sn-In alloy were deposited on the surface of current collector by electrochemical means. The results showed that the hydrogen evolution potential-over of In and Sn-In alloy electrodes were 569mV, 488mV higher than the copper electrode, so they could restrict hydrogen evolution effectively. Among the mercury-free battery industry, it will have a prosperous future to replace In electrode and use extensively with the cheaper Sn-In alloy electrode with better stability.