Preparation, Characterization And Application Of New Zinc Oxide Materials

ZnO is a direct and wide band gap semiconductor of II-VI group with an energy gap of 3.37eV at room temperature. Nanostructured ZnO materials are the excellent unity of nanomatenals and semiconductors and have the promising applications in LCD displays, solar cells, protecting coatings, gas sensors, solid illuminations and UV optical devices. The method for preparation of ZnO nanomatenals can be divided into physical methods and chemical methods among which, the chemical solution method is favorable because it is simple, cheaper and need no expensive apparatus. But the chemical process is complicated and the reaction mechanism is not well understood. Referred to a lot of literatures, a lot of ZnO with different morphologies have been synthesized, whose characters and applications also have been explored in this paper. The main contains as follows:1. Using ZnCl₂ and NH4HCO₃ as raw materials, acicular ball-like ZnO, coral-like ZnO, tube-like ZnO, rod-like ZnO were fabricated via direct precipitation method. Using ZnSO₄·7H₂O and urea as raw materials, the net-like nano-ZnO was produced in the conditions of microwave and high pressure via homogeneous precipitation method; its shape was uniform; its repeatability and fluidity were good; its density was low, and specific surface was large. The net-like nano ZnO solution can be crossed by visible light, but has a strong absorption for ultraviolet light. Whiskers-like and bud-like ZnO microwave absorbing materials were synthesized by Vapor phase oxidation of zinc metal; These kinds of ZnO crystals have a good microwave-heat transformation at the frequency of 2.45GHz, with high transformation efficiency and high speed, and its density was low, its mass was light.2. The granularity, crystallinity, structure of ZnO samples were charactered by XRD; The morphology, structure, granularity and the surface of ZnO samples were analyzed by TEM/SEM; The structure of ZnO samples was analyzed by IR; The photoluminescence of ZnO were analyzed by FS; Acquiring the UV-Vis absorption spectra of ZnO samples by UV-Vis.3. Home-made ZnO were studied systematically on degradation of organic dyes...