| Zinc oxide is one of the most promising materials for optoelectronic applications because its wide band gap (3.37 eV) and large exciton binding energy (60 meV). ZnO has also great potential applications in room-temperature UV lasers ,sensors and photo catalysis due to its unique electrical and optical properties, such as low dielectric constant, high chemical stability, and good photoelectric and piezoelectric behaviors. However, in the nanometric domain, it has been demonstrated that these applications are usually closely related to shape and size control of the nanomaterials. Intense interests have been devoted to shape and size control of the inorganic nanomaterials, and the property is decided by the structure(microstructure), particle size, size distributing, surface states and particle morphology etc.In this work,we describe a precipitation method to synthesis various shape and size of zinc oxide, such as spherical, hexagonal plate and flower-like, HPC were used as surfactant to improve the dispersity of the particle, In this work, we demonstrate that monodispersed spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized for the first time by addition of HPC as a surfactant, In a series of further experiments we discovered that HPC not only contributed to stabilizing the nanoparticle assembly but also exerted vigorous control over the formation of the spherical geometry.The reaction mechanism is discussed under the experiment, A possible formation mechanism of the hexagonal cone-shape structure is proposed. Furthermore, rodlike tubelike and dumbbell-like ZnO particles were directly precipitated by using zinc acetate and triethanolamine via a simple solution route at low temperature (90°C),provide a new approach to synthesis 1-dimensional nanomaterials.
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