Study On Ecological Water Requirement Of Longhe River Basin

River basin is an integrated ecological system, and consists of many ecological systems. The changes on qualities and quantities of water will lead to the structure and function change of the whole ecological system. The changes have been led by the activities of Human Beings, which including ecological degradation and environment problems. It's important to the rational allocation and utilization of water resources and to the ecological environmental construction. Presently, the study about the ecological and environmental water requirement is underway, so the relevant theories and research methods are needed to develop immediately.In this research, the studies focusing on the main ecological and environmental issues in water problems, with the Long He Basin as study area, and based on the theories and methods of ecological water requirement, the ecological water requirement of Long He Basin was calculated. And then the water's exploitation degree was calculated too, the exploitation degree give a direction to water exploitation and utilization. At last, the water requirement in industry, agriculture and living in 2010 and 2020 was forecasted, and water balance was demonstrated.The main results are as follows:(1)The concept, classification, researching advances of ecological water requirement and calculating method of consumption of ecological water requirement is introduced.;(2)On the basis of classification of ecosystems, the consumption of ecological water requirement outside Long He channel was calculated;(3)By the use of the conception and the model of the development threshold, the degree of water resource's exploitation and utilization in Long He Basin was achieved, which expressed that the current condition belongs to a kind of sustainable development pattern;(4)Based on the ecological water requirement , the water requirement in industry, agriculture and living in 2010 and 2020 was forecasted, and water balance was demonstrated.Through calculation, the quantity of ecological water requirement in Long He Basin is 3.2303 hundred million m3, was 34.46% of average flow in Long He Basin; and the up limited degree of water resource's exploitation and utilization in Long He Basin was 69.54%,and now the degree is 9.80%; the water requirement in industry, agriculture and living in 2010 and 2020 was forecasted, and water balance in 2010 is...