Monitoring Marine Oil Pollutant With IR Technology

Petroleum related hydrocarbon pollution in marine environment is becoming worse. When oil spill happens, it's important to develop practicable identification method and understand the classification, time weathered and grade contaminated, as well as monitoring the total amount of oil in water column for environmental damage assessment, for selecting appropriate spill response and taking effective clean-up measures. Long-term fate, behavior and impact of spilled oils on the environment are also challenge topics and have attracted much attention.For differentiation of petroleum product, conventional instruments including gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), FT-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and fluorescence (FL) have been successfully applied for a long time. However, these techniques require a long analysis time, tedious labor, high cost, and have the risk of contamination and degradation by off-time manipulation. To analyze different classification and concentration of oil spill, Infrared spectrum (IR) is utilized to monitor marine oil pollutant on-line. The interpretation of identification and concentration is obtained with the use of the inherent information. Based on the above background, five aspects have been discussed in the paper:Chapter 1 reviewed the current trend in the marine petroleum pollution research area, including prevalent oil spill identification method, quantitative analysis, the source and the interactions among hydrocarbon pollution in marine environment.The purpose of Chapter 2 was to discuss the experimental methods of near-infrared (NIR) and IR, including instruments, reagents, operation, monitoring processing and means, which was also evaluated with contrastive technology of ultraviolet (UV) and FL spectrum from different aspects.Chapter 3 established infrared spectra data-base for petroleum with chem.-metrics to identify spill oil with known suspected oil origin. Sample clustering and pattern recognition techniques were established owing to a rapid classification for spilled oil, simulated spilled oil of diesel fuel, gasoline and lubricating oil were chosen to develop the method. Oil with known origin was matched with the spectra in data base, the result...