Synthesis And Properties And Application Of Novel Fluoro Cationic Surfactants

N,N-dimethyl-N'-(2-trifluorometyl-1-pentafluoroethyl) perfluoro propenyl propane diamine(I_a) and N,N-dimethyl N'-(2-trifluorometyl-1-pentafluoroethyl) perfluoro propene propane diamine(I_b) were prepared by the reaction of hexafluoropropene dimer and N,N-dimethyl propanediamine in the molar ratio 1:1.0 at about 35℃for 8h, and the structures of I were identified by IR and NMR spectra. Meanwhile they were purifying by means of thin layer chromatogram and pole chromatogram.Seven fluoro-quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants were prepared by the reactions of tertiary amines with bromoalkyls and getting their structures by of IR and NMR. Qualitative and quantitative mensurations were done to the cationic surfactants with the methods of basic bromophenol blue and potassium ferricyanide. Surface tensions and interfacial tensions were measured by the method of stationary rings, and the critical micelle concentrations(cmcs) were measured by the methods of conductance and surface tension. The results shew that surface tensions of quaternary ammoniums were low, such as 17.8, 22.9, 23.8, 21.5, 25.5 and 28.1mN/m; and the interfacial tensions were 13.4, 12.1, 10.9, 8.5, 6.6 and 3.6mN/m; and cmcs were 2.04, 1.98, 1.93, 1.83, 1.74 and 1.58mmol/L. The effects of length of hydrocarbon were detected in theory that, along with increase of carbon numbers, surface tensions were increscent gradually and interfacial tensions and cmcs were reduced gradually.2-trifluoromethyl-3-heptadfluoroisopropyl-2-perfluoropentene-4-(N',N'-dimethylamino propyl) imino(VIII) was prepared by the reaction of hexafluoropropene timer with N,N-dimethyl propanediamine in the molar ratio 1:1.0 at room temperature for 8h, and the structures of VIII were identified by IR and NMR spectra. Then VIII reacted with hydrochloric acid and bromoethlane respectively to get tertiary ammonium chloride (IX) and quaternary ammonium bromide(X) cationic surfactants, and the properties of cations were detected by the method of bromophenol blue. The...