Synthesis And Properties Of Low-dimension Nanomaterials

The intention of this dissertation is to prepare low dimensional nanomaterials with high quality. Accordingly, our efforts were focused on synthesizing low dimensional nanomaterials and studying their concerned properties. The results show that the as-prepared materials have promising applications in relevant fields. The main results are summarized as follows:1. Zn nanowires were obtained via thermal evaporation. The resulting Zn nanowires were characterized and confirmed by means of X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Above analysis of characterization indicates that the uniform zinc nanowires with high yield usually have serpentine geometries, with lengths up to several micrometers and diameters about 50nm. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image demonstrate perfect crystallinity with the growth direction of [0001]. Owing to low content of oxygen in the as-prepared products, their photoluminescence spectrum was observed, which exhibits a significant blue shift.2.α-FeOOH nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal technique. The SEM and TEM images present large-scaleα-FeOOH nanorods with narrow size distribution. The as-prepared nanorods have about 1μm length and 50nm in diameter. Hysteresis loops were measured on vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature. The result shows that the loop area of nanorods is much smaller than that of bulk in nature. Judged by the value of Hc,α-FeOOH nanorods belong to typical semihard magnetic materials3. Spinel LiMn2O4 nanocrystalline was successfully prepared at 200oC depending on optimizing experiment conditions on a basis of precursor-thermal decomposition method. The structure and morphology of as-prepared products were characterized with XRD,SAED,SEM and TEM, respectively. In virtue of analyzing XRD patterns from different calcining times, we proposed a possible mechanism for the formation of LiMn2O4, which shows a reaction-controlled process.