Preparation And Photocatalytic Study Of Nanostructured Sulfide Semiconductors

Semiconductive nanomaterials may exhibit lots of novel and amazing properties deriving from their effects such as quantum size, small size, and surface, which give rise to their potential use in the fields of nonlinear optics, magnetics, catalysis, medicine, and functional materials, as well as other areas. And the development of life science, information technology and even the basic research in material area can also been greatly influenced by those effects simultaneously. In this thesis, the selected two kinds of important semiconductive materials, ZnS and CdS, were synthesized with different morphology and nanostructure by employing different amine templates.The ZnS holey submicrospheres were prepared by reacting ZnSO₄ with the sulfide source, H₂S, formed in the reaction of CS₂ with ethylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, butylamine or 2-(2-Aminoethylamino)ethanol, which acted as template agent also, at 50℃ under agitating. The shape, particle size of about 100-850nm and hole size of about 250-600nm of ZnS holey submicrospheres were shown by SEM images. ZnS holey submicrospheres with β cubic ZnS phase and composed by 2-5nm of nanocrystals were proved by XRD and HRTEM. The blue shift of λ_max in UV-vis displayed the effect of quantum size. The ZnS submicrospheres is controllable: the size of them can be controlled by the aging time and the shape can be controlled by the molar ratio of CS₂ and ethylenediamine. These ZnS holey submicrospheres showed high photocatalytic activity by photodegrading eosin and the smaller ZnS holey submicrospheres showed higher activity of photocatalysis. The two aminos of amine template favor to act with Zn²⁺ form uniform and relatively smooth ZnS holey submicrospheres, while hydroxyethyl take disadvantage. Rational mechanism of hole by H₂S rushing out is suggested.CdS nanomaterials of different morphology were prepared by template agent of butylamine. Experiment shows the structure and morphology were effected by the molar ratio of CS2 and butylamine: When n cs2:n CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2<1: 2, we obtained pure CdS nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 10nm; while n cs2:n...