The Preparation And Characterization And Application Of Pillared Montmorillonite Interlayer Compounds

Montmorillonite is a clay mineral with expandable layer structure. Mesoporous pillared montmorillonite can be prepare by introducing simple metal cation ions, hydroxyed inorganic metal cations, organic ions, organic molecule, organic polymer. Thus formed pillared montmorillonites have improved capabilities, such as basal interlayer spacing, specific surface area, and can be used widely as catalysts carriers, selective- adsorbents potentially, as well as in the fields of nanocomposite materials.In this dissertation, Al-Cu pillared montmorillonite and HDTMA-Al pillared montmorillonite were prepared by ultrasound method using Na-montmorillonite as raw material. The characteristics of Al-Cu pillared montmorillonite and HDTMA-Al pillared montmorillonite were measured. Al-Cu pillared montmorillonite and HDTMA-Al pillared montmorillonite were used to adsorb phenol to study suitable conditions for adsorption property. The Al-Cu pillared montmorillonite and HDTMA-Al pillared montmorillonite can be recycled, and they are potential substance for adsorption of environmental pollutants.In the paper, we use Ca-montmorillonite as material, after modifying it with sodium compounds, we tested the main physical property of Ca-montmorillonite and Na-montmorillonite, including the cation exchange capacity (CEC), the expanded volume et al. The result shows that the physical property of Na-montmorillonite are enhenced than Ca-montmorillonite.Al-Cu pillared montmorillonite was prepared by ultrasound method using montmorillonite as raw material. The conditions of Al-Cu pillaring solution, the radios of OH^-/Al³⁺, the radios of Cu²⁺/Al³⁺, the radios of Al³⁺/ montmorillonite were changed during the process of the preparation. According to the analysis of XRD, the optimal conditions are as follows: the preparation temperature of the pillaring solution is 80℃, the radios of OH^-/Al³⁺ is 2.4, the aging time is 96 h, the radios of Cu²⁺/Al³⁺ is 0.10, the ratios of Al³⁺ and montmorillonite is 10 and the intercalation temperature is 80℃, respectively. The Al-Cu-MMT prepared under the optimal conditions has large basal interlayer spacing.HDTMA-Al pillared montmorillonite was prepared by ultrasound method using Na-montmorillonite as raw material. The conditions of HDTMA-Al pillaring solution, the intercalation temperature, the quality of HDTMA were changed during the process of the preparation. According to the analysis of XRD, the optimal conditions are as follows: the preparation temperature of the pillaring solution is 80℃, the radios of OH^-/Al³⁺ is 2.4, the aging time is 96 h, the radios of Cu²⁺ /Al³⁺ is 0.10, the ratios of Al³⁺ and montmorillonite is 10 , the intercacation temperature is 80℃and the quality of HDTMA is 1.0CEC, respectively. The basal interlayer spacing of HDTMA-A1-MMT prepared under the optimal conditions is 2.0714nm and thermal stability enhanced obviously.The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the copper and aluminum, HDTMA and aluminum reagents entered into the interlayer of montmorillonite but did not destroy the crystal structure of montmorillonite.The performance of montmorillonite and montmorillonite interlayer compounds was compared in treating wastewater containing phenol. The results showed as follows: Al-Cu-MMT and HDTMA-Al-MMT had obviously better treatment effects than Na-MMT; the phenol removal rate reached the best in the case of pH=10, stirring time 30min, feeding amount 0.35g; the Al-Cu-MMT and HDTMA-A1-MMT can be recycled and had well adsorption in treating waste- water containing phenol, and they are potential substance for adsorption of environmental pollutants.