Study On The Change Of Ecological Integrity And Landscape Dynamic In Momoge Wetlands

Momoge wetland, locates in western Jilin province, plays an important role in preventing desertification, water conservation and climate regulation. Due to the climate change and human development activities, the area of Momoge wetlands is degenerating and salinity is increasing, which has much effect on the landscape ecological integrality. This thesis, based on the remote sensing data, gives an analysis of the ecological integrality of Momoge wetlands. Landscape dynamic is also analyzed by using the assessment approach of ecological integrality. In the end of this thesis, some countermeasures were provided for the conservation of ecological integrality in Momoge wetlands.The result of landscape structure analysis showed that: wetland landscape percentage is 51.81 on average. Density of wetland is 13.58% and frequency is 79.63% on average in sampling. Wetland landscape fits for the criterion of scale, and is the dominant factor of environment quality. During the study period, the dominance decreases from 57.3% to 50.2%, density increases from 9.3% to 19.2%, frequence reduces from 82.8% to 66.8%.This result indicates the role of wetland as scale is falling. The result of landscape stability analysis, wetland landscape diversity H is 1.1506 on average during four phases, accounting for 82.78% of H max. Therefore Momoge wetland landscape diversity is high, and this ecosystem has a high anti-jamming capability. At the same time, wetland landscape index has increase from 1.09 to 1.27, which indicates difference of landscape dominance reduces and wetland fragment is becoming more serious. The result of ecological integrality assessment showed that: the index of 1999 is the highest, this situation explains that the ecological integrality in Momoge wetlands is the best. Form then to2003, the ecological integrality in Momoge wetlands went down.The result of landscape pattern analysis is: the area of lake changes greatly in all of the landscape types(from 6218.3 to 41324.4hm2). The area of farmland changes not so much, but the number of patches increase from 54 to 81, means the fragmenting becomes serious. Broken degree of bog landscape has increased from 1999.The patches of saline land is decreasing from 67 to 48, and the fragmenting degree alleviates. So percentage difference of landscape types becomes small.Because of the interaction of natural and human factors, the landscape and ecological integrality of Momoge wetland deteriorate. Natural factors are the intrinsic reasons of the degradation of wetlands and human factors accelerate this change. This thesis gives some countermeasures for ecological integrality, which can reduce Momoge wetland environment pressure and improve wetland environment. Water is wetland ecological construction important constraints, so we should exploit water resource wisely. At the same time, we should make scientific planning and efficient measures, then determine Momoge wetland ecological water requirements. Consideration of the local geographical conditions, we can exploit Nenjiang, Taoer River, Erlongtao River, Huerda River and other waterways as the main water resource for wetland ecological construction. Contemporarily we should manage appropriately, based on natural self-repair capability, and gradually restore wetland natural vegetation, then achieve ecological improvement and coordinated development. Oil field exploitation results in wetland quality decline, so we should strengthen oil field management and protect wetland ecological environment.