Preparation And Application Of Porous Carbon Materials By Template Method

Template method has opened a brand-new domain in the preparation of porous carbon materialssince it's a good way to control the pore structure effectively. Porous carbon materials have wideapplication in catalysis, adsorption and energy resource areas. The physicochemical properties ofcarbon materials, such as high specific surface area, good electrical and thermal conductivity aswell as the chemical inertness make them gain extensive attentions. Along with modern science andtechnology rapid development, porous carbon materials' application is in unceasing developmentand our request to them is increasing. In this thesis, two common highly dispersed templates, thepolystyrene and silica particles, are employed to control the pore structure. Powdery material andthe supported carbon membrane have been obtained by different methods. Further more, theircatalyzed performance are studied after loading metal catalyst to use in the fuel cell electrode.The main research work is as follows:1. First of all, we synthesis two kinds of templates. The dispersive organic polystyrene spheres areprepared using a non-soap emulsion method and they are homogeneous with good sphericity andsmooth surface. The uniform and good dispersed silica particles are gained under the alkalinitycondition. The formation mechanism of polymerization and the influence factor of the twotemplates are discussed respectively.2. The designed volume of PS spheres as templates are added into the silica solution to allow slackhydrolysis and condensation by sol-gel technology. After removing the template by calcinating, theresulted white composite is coated by phenolic resin and then carbonized. The porous carbonpowder is characterized by a series of instruments.The polymeric acid from PMDA and ODA was mixed with the template silica spheres followedby spreading onto graphite plates. After curing, the inorganic silica component can be easilydissolved in the HF acid leaving their location hollow. The supported porous polymeric membraneis pyrolysised in nitrogen and turns into carbon membrane. The results SEM,TEM,TG,N₂ hasproven the porosity structure and the mechanical stability of the carbon material. 3. A two-emulsion technique is employed to prepare the supported catalyst Pt-Co alloy and Ptgrains. Then, the catalysts are adsorbed on the porous carbon powder and membrane respectively.The well-defined pore structure and high surface area of the porous carbons make them suitable foruse as an electrode and the electrocatalytic activity of the electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation areevaluated. TEM,XRD and EDS have proven the present of the adsorbed catalysts and theirexistence condition. Also, the CV result indicated the porous carbon materials are advantageous tothe enhancement of catalytic activity.