Research On Heavy Metal Pollution In The Surficial Sediments Of Songhua River, Jilin Province Area

The sediment samples and water samples from areas (Linjiangmen, Jiangbeiqiao, Baiqi, Songyuan, Zhaoyuan along Songhua River, Jilin Province)were collected. The total concentrations of the heavy metals Cu,Cr,Zn,Cd and Pb in the sediment samples and overlying water samples were analyzed, and the speciation characteristics of heavy metals Cu,Cr,Cd,Zn were analyzed, and the environmental quality was assessed primarily. The primary fruits are as follows:The concentrations of heavy metals in the overlying water were achievedâ…¢criterion of environmental quality for surficial water. The space distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the surficial sediment were studied. The diversification of distribution of Zn was more markted than the others, and it was indention. The distributions of Cu, Cd and Cr presented degressive on the whole. The distributions of Pb presented fluctuant. The speciation characteristics of heavy metals were analyzed. They were found that Cu, Zn and Cr mainly existed in residua, and that the percentage of the species bounded to organic matter and bounded to Iron and Manganese were high. Generally speaking, they are steady in sediment and won't affect large influence, but they will be released to the environment and imperil ecosystem all around when they are in appropriate geochemical environment. For Cd , the species bounded to Iron and Maganese and bounded to organic matter are higher than residue form, they will be released plentifully to the environment and bring the second pollution. Using the Igeo, the RSP and the PER methods to evaluate the ecological status of the heavy meatless in the surficial sediments , it shows that the heavy metal pollution of surficial sediment belongs to light-middle degree risk, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb are not the main ecological risk factors of the surficial sediments of Songhua River, Jilin Province. The concentrations of Zn, Pb and Cr in the sediment of Songhua River, Jilin Province, are higher than twenty years ago .