Synthesis And Property Research Of Inorganic Nanomaterials Via Molten Salt Approach

Recently, the synthesis of nanomaterials with different morphology is the most attractive and active fields of nano science and technology. Both the solid state and the liquid state approach can direct the growth of the crystal, but they have the disadvantages in complex operation, serious pollution and producing inappositely in the factory. On the contrary, molten salt synthesis has the advantages in high efficiency, simple operation, little pollution and low power wasting. So we applied molten salt approach to synthesize of the oxide and the sulfide with different morphology distinct in the different experiment conditions.Using hydrochloric salt as molten salt, we produced the single-crystal Co₃O₄ nanorods and nano-sheets by different precusor and the additive for the first time. The comparative experiments and the results indicated that the anion in molten salt was very important for the formation of different morphology. The formation mechanism of Co₃O₄ nanorods and nano-sheets were concluded through the comparative experiments and characteristic results. We also characterized the as-prepared product's energy-storage property by electrochemical method. This is a new approach to the electrode materials.Using LiCl as molten salt, the ZnO nanorods and nano-sheets were produced by Zn-oxided approach and Zn(Ac)₂-decomposed approach respectively. We researched the relationship between the reaction temperature, molten salt kinds, quantities and the product's morphology. The optic property of the ZnO with different morphology was characterized through Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer; the results revealed that the red shift and the hypsochromic shift of the absorption band occurred because of different morphology.The synthesis of the CdS in organic molten salt with surfactant was researched. The experiment results indicated that the as-prepared CdS was the sphere aggregated by the CdS particles. The comparative experiments revealed the formation mechnism and proved the surfactant self-assembled in organic molten salt.