Preparation, Characterization And Property Study Of Metal Oxides Nanomaterials Via A Simple Solution-combusting Method

Due to their unique properties that are notably different from bulk materials and single molecules, nanomaterials have attracted a great deal of interests. As a result of their excellent chemical and physical properties, nanomaterials have been widely used in fields of electronics, optics, chemical engine, ceramic, life, and medicine science. For years, a lot of achievements have been obtained in preparation of nanomaterials and several methods have been developed to prepare nanomaterials. Generally, subsistent methods require complex equipments and complicated operation and high cost, which can be called "noble" methods. So, it is still a challenge for searching a simple route to prepare nanomaterials with large-scale, high yield, and low cost. The purpose of this thesis is to explore a simple route to prepare nanoparticles which accords with above requirements. Serials of experiments were carried out. The main contents included:1. ZnO and cobalt oxide were prepared by a simple solution-combusting method. They were charactered and their properties were studied. We successfully synthesized ZnO nanoparticles by a simple solution-combusting method employing the mixture of ethanol and ethyleneglycol (V/V = 60/40) as the solvent, zinc acetate as the zinc source and the oxygen gas in the atmosphere as the oxygen source. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the phase and morphology of the final product. UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the product were studied. The experiments indicated that both ZnO and cobalt oxide nanoparticles could catalytically degrade organic dyes under the irradiation of UV light. Also, the electrochemical studies showed that cobalt oxide nanoparticles had the better ability to enhance the electron transfer between the Au electrode and catechol than ZnO.2. Co-doped ZnO was prepared at the base of the successful synthesis of ZnO. They were charactered and their properties were studied. We synthesized cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles successfully by this same simple solution-combusting method. XRD and TEM were employed to characterize the phase and morphology of the final product. The optical experiments showed Co-doped ZnO had different PL emission spectra compared to pure ZnO. The electrochemical studies showed that cobalt doping could improve the response of ZnO to catechol and this ability notably enhanced with the increase of the cobalt concentration in the product. The experiments indicated that the as-synthesized cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles also had well catalytically degradation ability to organic dye but the catalytically degrade property declined compared to the pure ZnO.3. By this simple method, trinary oxides such as several kinds of ferrites were prepared. XRD and SEM were employed to characterize the phase and morphology of the final product. Hysteresis loops of the as-prepared ferrites were given and cobalt ferrite had the biggest magnetism and coercive force. This experiment indicated the solution-combusting method could be used to prepared trinary and complicated oxide.