Application Study Of The Bentonite In Comprehensive Utilization Of WMFC

The waste material from fungal culture (WMFC), which are mainly composed of different kinds of crop stalks such as cottonseed hulls, sawdust, straw, corn cob, bagasse, are the waste substrate used to plant edible fungus. 80～100 tons of the WMFC are produced every year in our country, most of which are thrown away as flotsam except that a small quantity are used as feed for domestic animals. Using the waste WMFC for improving soil can ameliorate the environment we live and realizing the continuable development of our agriculture.The author worked over physicochemical properties of the fungus bran from the Jilin Agricultural College Fungus Institute, and this article indicates that Pleurotus sapidus fungus bran, the slider mushroom fungus bran, the Agaricus Blazei Murrill fungus bran, the auricularia auricula fungus bran and the chicken leg mushroom fungus bran have big content in N, P, K. In the acidity, the chicken leg mushroom fungus bran and the Agaricus Blazei Murrill fungus bran display neutrality, therefore they may be used directly in the soil as fertility. But Pleurotus sapidus fungus bran, Auricularia auricula fungus bran and slider mushroom fungus bran are high acidity, if directly put them in the soil, they can create the soil acidification. Not only cause the soil to be barren, moreover also can poison the plant root system to create the destruction to the ecosystem. In addition, as fertilize the fungus bran may provide the plant essential nutritive elements in its growth, and plays a big role in the high and stable production of the crops. But it will make the environment pollution if apply fertilizer wrongly. Nitrogen losses of fungus bran can cause Eutrohpication. Therefore, enhancing the nitrogen use factor of the fungus bran has the vital significance to reduce environment pollution causing by the fungus bran.According to the studying on the physical-chemical properties of the bentonite from Liu FangZi Jilin Province, the bentonite has some excellent physical-chemical properties such as stronger alkalinity, glueyness, hydroexpansivity and cationic commutative property, and richly contains the many kinds of micro nutritive elements which the plant needs. It is a kind of excellent water and fertilizer retaining material. But organic nutrition ingredient in the bentonite that can supply the plant is less. In the fungus bran there is massive organic matter, so mix the two carries on the right amount, then can make themselves superiority supplementary.The research indicated that, exerts the bentonite in the acidicauricularia auricula fungus bran to be able to enhance fungus bran's pH, and reduces the exchangeable acid content. And bentonite more pH higher, for example auricularia auricula fungus bran by original pH＜5.5 has a stronger acidity, after joins the fungus bran to enhance pH to 6.5. The research on the bentonite-to abandon fungus bran mixture which is in different ratio indicates the bentonite-abandons the fungus bran mixture in the aspect of water retention property: 1:2＞1:4＞1:6＞1:8＞Original auriculariaauricula fungus bran＞The black earth. Obviously, the bentonite's joining strengthens the fungus bran's drought-resistance. In the aspect of the absorbatility to NH4+: Mixture ratio 1:2＞1:4＞1:6＞1:8＞Black earth＞The original auricularia auricula fungus bran, the bentonite's joining effectively reduced the drains of NH₄⁺ in auricularia auricula fungus bran.Therefore, add bentonite in the fungus rice bran to reduce the fungus rice bran's acidity, strengthen the fungus rice bran's water retention property, and reduce the drains of NH₄⁺ in auricularia auricula fungus bran. Simultaneously reduce the environment pollution causing by the abandoned fungus bran. And cause the fungus bran better resources utilization.Based on that the fungus bran has the latent harms to the water resources re-pollution, this research proposed for the first time to add the bentonite to the fungus bran to reduce the fungus bran's acidity. And has obtained the preliminary research results: Namely strengthen the fungus bran's water retention property, reduce the drain of NH₄⁺ which in the fungus bran, and reduce the environment pollution caused by the waste fungus bran. It can open the new way for the fungus bran better resources utilization.