Study On Synthesis And Properties Of Epoxypropyl Trialkyl Quaternary Ammonium Salts And Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Epoxypropyl trialkyl quaternary ammonium salts and Gemini quaternary ammonium salts are important surfactants. These are developing very fast because of their wide usage. In this paper, Epoxypropyl trialkyl quaternary ammonium salts and Gemini surfactants were synthesized with dodecyldimethylamine, its salt and epichlorohydrin. The optimum reaction conditions were found. The performances of Gemini quaternary ammonium salts were investigated.In this paper, the influences of solvent, temperature, time and molar ratio of materials on the reaction were investigated. The proper catalyst was found to increase the epoxy number of products. The optimum reaction conditions were the molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to dodecyldimethylamine was 4.29:1,ω(catalyst) was 0.65%, and the reaction time was 6h , temperature was 20℃. The epoxy number reached 71.79%. The chemical structure of the product was characterized by IR spectrum. The optimum synthesis conditions of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt as follows, n-propanol and water(1:1) were used as the solvent,ω(solvent) was 40%, n(dodecyldimethylamine):n(salt):n(epichlorohydrin) was 1.2:1:1, and the reaction time was 6h at 98℃,the yield of product was 80%. The chemical structure of the product was characterized by IR spectrum.Some properties of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt were investigated The results show that Gemini quaternary ammonium salt has better emulsification, better enhancing dissolution and better hard water resistance.The bactericidal effect of product is superior to dodecy1,dimethy1,benzy1 ammonium chloride. The corrosion inhibition rate of A3 carbon steel was 83.7% when its concentration was 10mg.L-1.