The Research Of The Fabrication And Physics Characters Of The Biomass Carbonization Composite Material

The biomass is a material of organism which has cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin made by the photosynthesis and without the physiology through the changing of the nature or the activities of cutting by people. The biomass could be reuse and is good environment-friendly material. For the further use of the biomass resources, the biomass materials are carbonized to biomass carbonization materials whose physical properties are analyzed, then the composites forming technical is studied to exploit the new type biomass carbonization composite material.To research the manufacture technical of the biomass carbonization material, this research uses the comparison experiment way by two carbonization temperature line in the first. The china fir and pine wood powder, kempas powder, bamboo powder, mixed sander dust and straw powder which are five biomass materials are carbonized, for the rate of carbonization is worked out and the influence factors are analyzed. Then the loose density, tight density, distribution of particles and functional-group which are the basic characters of the charcoal powder are determined. To research the forming technical of carbonization composite material by the bamboo charcoal which has the representative of the biomass carbonization composite material, the forming technical of charcoal powder pelletization and board making are studied, and the best technical parameter is got by the orthoqonal test. Then the physic character of the biomass carbonization material is researched, and the structure, compressive strength and heat properties are analyzed, at last the influence relationship between the manufacture and physic character of the biomass carbonization composite material is studied.The result shows: the rate of carbonization reduces while the final carbonization temperature raises; the distribution range of particle size of the five biomass charcoal powder is 0.11～85μm; the loose density and tight density of the five biomass charcoal powder have big difference, the ratio of loose density and tight density is about 2 within the same charcoal powder; the mainly change of the functional-group after carbonization are the ether bond(C—O—C), carbonyl(C O), methyl(CH3) and methylene(CH2) disappear, the hydroxyl(OH), alkene(C C) and aromatic compounds are still exist; the bamboo powder and bamboo charcoal powder could be partly wetted by water and alcohol which has better wet performance; the best technical parameter of pelletiazation of the charcoal powder is: 40% phenolic adhesive of the whole mass, the highest pressure in the laboratory is 980N,time to pressurize is 40s, long standing for 24h, then add 10% water to help forming, to heat in the oven at 160℃for 80min; the best technical parameter of MgO and MgCl₂ board making is:60% MgO and MgCl₂ of the whole mass, the highest pressure in the laboratory is1200N, time to pressurize is 2～3min, long standing for 8 days(to reach the biggest strength needs 30days); the best technical parameter of phenolic adhesive board making is: 40% phenolic adhesive of the whole mass, the highest pressure in the laboratory is 1200N,time to pressurize is 2～3min, to heat in the oven at 160℃for 80min; The structure of charcoal powder is got big influence around the forming, the expression in chief is the small opening at the surface of the pellet is covered at a certain degree, and the combination among the pellets is changed; the products by the forming way of MgO, MgCl₂ and phenolic adhesive have got low mechanics strength, and got well heat performance; the product by the forming way of MgO and MgCl₂ has better mechanics and heat performance than the product by the forming way of phenolic adhesive; the physics performance of the forming products has close relationship with the forming technical.