Study On The Distribution, Transformation And Environmental Effects Of Nitrogen In Peat Mire

Nitrogen is one of the important elements correlated with changing closely in global environment. It is one of the indexes of the peat marsh nutrition level. It is a main restricted nutrient, influence the productivity of the marsh ecosystem directly. The peat is a carrier of the wetland nitrogen in the marsh. This thesis took vertically as the research object naturally with Changbai Mountain, chosen some different peat profiles, synthesize the domestic and international research current situation and natural environment characteristic in the research area, content of space, distribution and transformation of nitrogen in the peat were analyzed. Mineralization, nitrification and denitrification of nitrogen were measured by cultivate experiments in the lab. Biological processes of nitrogen were researched by investigation in the field and analyzing in the lab, and analyzed the potential ecological effects of nitrogen biogeochemical processes. Taking the plain result of study of marsh nitrogen of peat vertically naturally indicates:Some results of calculation of examining definite value with taking a sample of the same soil layer, can reflect the variability in the horizontal direction. The level variability character three types of nitrogen were all notable. This mainly because nitrogen mineralization nitration and function of microorganism of peat. The whole nitrogen is distributed vertically except specific section, the trend that the content of the whole nitrogen decrease progressively gradually with increase of the sectional depth appears in most sections, the whole nitrogen content and organic content present remarkable positive correlation, the main reason that cause this kind of distribution extremely. NO₃-N, NH₄ -N distributed and demonstrated roughly the same trend vertically, every peat profile NO₃-N content is it appear greater fluctuation to distribute, NH₄-N content roughly presents the trend of decreasing progressively gradually. It is difficult for NO₃-N to be absorbed by the peat, apt downward undercurrent, caused distribution of fluctuation. Mineralization in upper is relatively strong, caused NH₄-N decrease progressively with profiles intensification gradually to act on.Jinchuan and Daniugou two typical peat profiles mineralization amount accorded with effective accumulated temperature model or index model with effective accumulated temperature naturally. It is unanimous that the mineralization amount in cultivate one of individual profile measures the variation tendency which is up to valid accumulated temperature, the profiles are shown as the opposite trend. Jinchuan profiles mineralization amount appear increasing trend with valid increase of accumulated temperature during cultivate. This because NH₄-N content of nitrogen function accumulate greater than microorganism and peat animal. Daniugou is shown that the mineralization amount decreases progressively gradually with increase of effective accumulated temperature. The main reason is that microorganism and animal in the peat profiles are obviously higher than the mineralization of nitrogen to measure to the firm holding amount of the nitrogen, the NH₄-N produced is after microorganism in the peat and animal's firm function of opposing, turn inorganic matter into again, mineralization-hold final result of function effective nitrogen to transformation, inorganic of nitrogen while being firm, effective nitrogen of net consumption of system. And the nitrifying amount variation tendency is unanimous instead for the nitrifying amount between the profiles that two samples during cultivation, trend appearing and training the extension of time to increase progressively gradually at the same time of nitrifying amount of two typical profiles. This because with effective increase of accumulated temperature, nitrify microorganism's activation strengthen. Trend appearing and training the extension of time to decrease progressively gradua.lly at the same time of denitrification amount instead, this is with denitritication the going on of function instead, the content of NH₄-N reduces to cause. The speed of mineralization and nitrifying were different greatly, result that the physics chemical property of the peat itself stores in the area and sectional differentiation that the main reason. which presents this kind of difference is. The speed of denitrification during train the extension of time to presefit the trend that decreases progressively at the same time instead. The main reason is with denitrification the going on of function instead, the content of NO₃-N reduced, result in the speed of denitrification and decreasing progressively instead finally.The spatial distribution and transformation of nitrogen in peat influenced by such factors as soil one's own physics and chemistry nature, marsh plant, climate, hydrology condition etc; The biochemical cyclical process of marsh nitrogen of peat will destroy the balance of the peat ecosystem of Changbai Mountain, reduce the water quality of studying regional groundwater in Changbai Mountain, aggravate the greenhouse effects of the atmospheric environment of Changbai Mountain to a certain extent.