Metabolism Of Material And Energy And Environmental Impact Assessment Of Beer Production Process In China

The beer industry in China is developing rapidly and becomes the number one these years,but the producing technology level is still backward, resources and energy utilization efficiency of beer production exists difference with international advanced level. Organic pollutant such as COD, SS emission is large, which effect seriously the environment of the regions and the word.This study in detail investigated and accounted the consumption of material and energy and pollutant emission in production process of typical beer enterprise by material flows analysis method(MFA).Then the author did the input-output analysis of material and energy in saccharifying,fermentation and canned stage. The study described the material and energy flowing process to find tbe most important potential factor about the resources waste and environmental pollution.It was shown,by the quantitative calculation for resources depletion and pollution load, that the environmental impact potential quantity of beer production process was obtained and found the important environmental impact categories by the method of life cycle assessment (LCA). On the basis, this study analyzed the trend of resources consumption and environmental pollution emission of beer production department from 2000 to 2005 in China.As shown from the analyzed results, raw material utilization rate during beer production was low, loss material made up to 80% of total materials. Some loss material of hidden flow were easily neglected by the beer enterprise.Based on the environmental impact analysis of the typical beer enterprise, the author draw the conclusion that the potential environmental impact was: eutrophication, dust, global warming, acidification and solid wastes in the order. Because of a lot of organic pollutants such as COD and SS in the beer production emission, the largest environmental impact was eutrophication, which made up to 30% of total environmental impact.On the base of environmental impact analysis for the typical beer enterprise,this paper made a quantitative analysis of the environmental load for beer production department by the method of LCA. Draw the conclusion as follow:the consumption of material and energy per kilolitre beer decreased year by year with improvement of production process, environmental emission of the pollution also presented the declining trend from 2000 to 2005.But the total of material and energy consumption,environmental pollution emission present a rising tendency.The proportion of each kind environmental impact in 2005 were as follow:eutrophication(43%), dus(t30%), global warming(14%), acidification(11%)and solid wastes(2%).Each environmental impact potential assumed the trend of escalation,total environmental impact potential also increased year by year which increased from 49.01 to 64.76,it explained that the environmental impact risk of beer industry increased year by year and its environmental impact was optimistic.