Study And Application Of Environmental Geochemical Baseline In Coal Mining Area

The environmental geochemical characteristics of 10 heavy metal elements including As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in the topsoil of Yanzhou coal mining area were studied. And also the environmental geochemical baselines of heavy metal elements were made certain by statistically analyzing method and normalization approach. At the same time, the difference of the environmental geochemical baseline got by these two methods was found.In order to differentiate the natural background and the artificial accumulation of heavy metal element in topsoil, distinguish the effect of the natural and the artificial activity on environment of the coalmining area and verify the change of the chemical substance density and the evolvement of environment around, the geoaccumulation index, the total contamination degree and the enrichment factor were chosen to analyze the pollution situation of the studied area. The result, which the pollution situation of the studied area was not certainly serious and the pollution degree of individual element was serious, was related with coal mining. Therefore, the effect of the micro harmful element in the coal and the gangue on the soil environment was analyzed. During the process of combustion (self-ignite), leaching, and coal washing, the trace elements were separated from the coal. The trace elements, which entered the soil environment, were migrated under the effect of water in the soil. The distance of migration was direct proportional to the concentration of trace elements, and was inversely proportional to the distance from the source.