Genetic Damage Caused By Monocrotophos On Goldfish (Carassius Auratus)

Male goldfish synthesis vitellogenin can be induced by monocrotophos, been proved that having environmental estrogen effect and reproductive toxicity. In this article, we studied the DNA damage of monocrotophos on goldfish, discussed the mechanism of DNA damage of monocrotophos on goldfish on four aspects: DNA damage type of monocrotophos, oxidative DNA damage of monocrotophos, effect of monocrotophos on antioxidant enzymes, telomere DNA damage of monocrotophos on goldfish, providing the basic data for screen out the genotoxicity of pesticide.Exposed to 0.01, 0.10, 1.00 mg/L monocrotophos for 24 h, DNA damage of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes and hepatocytes was significantly higher than control; and arrived peak value at 48 h; the DNA damage slightly reduced at 96 h; at 1 week the damage was minimum, but was still significantly damaged compared with control. At the same exposed time, the DNA damage of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes was increased with exposed to concentration of monocrotophos.Exposed to 0.01, 0.10, 1.00 mg/L monocrotophos for 48 h, it was found that single strand break, double strand break, alkaline site of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes and hepatocytes'DNA was induced by monocrotophos By different pH comet assay, and the alkaline site was the main DNA damage type; Oxidative purine and pyrimidine of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes and hepatocytes were significantly increased treated by monocrotophos through adding Endo III and FPG in comet assay.Exposed to 0.01, 0.10, 1.00 mg/L monocrotophos, oxidative press of goldfish peripheral blood and liver was increased by Monocrotophos. The GPH-Px activity of goldfish peripheral blood reduced firstly and then increased with exposed time, arrived maximum value at 96 h; the GPH-Px activity of goldfish liver also reduced firstly and then increased, but maximum value at 1 week. SOD activity of goldfish red blood cell had not dramatically change; while SOD activity of liver reduced firstly and then increased. MDA content of goldfish red blood cell reduced at 24 h, arrived the maximum value at 48 h, and then reduced with exposed time; MDA content of goldfish liver dramatically increased and arrived the maximum value at 24 h, and then increased with exposed time.Exposed to 0.01, 0.10, 1.00 mg/L monocrotophos for 48 h, the telomere DNA goldfish nucleated erythrocytes was dramatically damaged, and the telomere DNA damage increased with monocrotophos concentration, the telomere was sensitive to oxidative damage.In conclusion, DNA damage of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes and hepatocytes was induced by monocrotophos. The DNA damage type of monocrotophos on goldfish included single strand break, double strand break and alkaline site generate, and alkaline site was the main DNA damage type. Oxidative DNA damage of goldfish was significantly increased by monocrotophos, it was suggested that monocrotophos could induced oxidative DNA damage to goldfish. Monocrotophos also changed the oxidative press, meanwhile the telomere DNA of goldfish nucleated erythrocytes induced by monocrotophos, and telomere DNA was sensitive to oxidative damage. So it concluded that DNA oxidative damage of goldfish was induced by monocrotophos and confirmed genotoxicity of monocrotophos on goldfish.