Synthesis And Characterization Of Simulated Shark Skin Antifouling Surface Materials Based On Silicone Resin

Biological fouling can bring about some unwanted and detrimental consequences to the marine ship and facilities. Antifouling coatings are the most reliable way to prevent the settlements of biofoulings. It is well known that, in the traditional antifouling paints, the organotin and cuprous oxide antifouling agents not only cause the environmental risks, but also have an harmful effect on the human health Therefore, developing new non-toxic and environmental-friendly anti-fouling materials have become the main task for marine antifouling technology researchers.Among the research of non-toxic and environment-friendly antifouling materials, biomimetic antifouling material is the most promising area. In this paper, the study is focused on the initial stage to simulate shark skin since its excellent antifouling effect. The article observes the topograph of shark skin and makes some primary evaluation of its antifouling ability. According to the softness and elasticity of shark skin, silicone resin was selected and prepared. This work will provide proper material for further simulate the rough microstructure of shark skin.Firstly, hydroxysiloxane was prepared through three ways, i.e. hydrolytic condensation of diethoxydimethlsilane,ring—opening polymerization of octamethylcylotetrasiloxane catalysised by tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide as well as double-catalysts method of acid clay and sulfuric acid. The inflence of various methods on the viscosity,solubility and reactive yield was thoroughly studied, and the result showed that double-catalysts method is the best way. Additionaly, the structure of hydroxysiloxane was characterized with infrared spectrum, and the dosage of water as well as catalyst which affect the viscosity of hydroxysiloxane was also discussed.By hydrolytic condensation between hydroxysiloxane and silicon monomers in the presence of acid, silicone resins were prepared. And their viscosity, coated film properties as well as contact angle were tested. Infrared spectrum was used to characterize the structures of these resins, and Thermogravimetric Analysis testified the heat of resistance of the silicone resins. The results showed that the film property of tear resistance was significantly improved when the phenyl silane and blocking agent were added. The test also showed that the synthesized silicone resin has static contact angle of 103°, and this is favorable to antifouling.The heat-resistance property is good, and the max mass losses bellow 25%.In order to improve the adhesive ability of coating materials, modification of the silicone resins was studied in the article. On the one hand, through the condensation between the hydroxyl and carbonyl, silicon oil was graft-modified onto the acrylic resin, thus improving its compatibility with the silicon resin. Since the resins could release silicon oil, marine biofoulings were hard to settle when they were immersed in seawater. Even if settled, they still were easily to be cleared. On the other hand, the acrylic resin containing silane coupling agent was synthesized.Further more, in this thesis, we also evaluate the antifouling property of acrylic resin releasing silicon oil by hanging plate in the sea. And by settlement experiment of diatoms in laboratory, the antifouling property of silicone resin was studied.The results showed that acrylic resin releasing silicon oil had certain antifouling properties, and its film kept integrity, without crack and bubble. So it is suitable to be used in the preparation of antifouling coatings. The laboratory diatom attachement test showed that the number on silicone resin film is less than that on blank. So, silicone resin had certain inhibiting effect for diatoms fouling.