Preparation Of Metal Sulfides Nanomaterials In Ionic Liquids

With growing concern over the environmental impact and health Hazards of traditional volatile organic solvents, researchers continue to search for greener alternatives. Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), are simply liquids that are composed entirely of ions with a melting point below 100℃, have been shown to be viable substitutes for organic solvents both in academia and industry due to their negligible vapor pressure, low melting points, wide range of liquidus temperatures (up to 400℃), low toxicity, nonflammability, large electrochemical window, good solvents for many organic and inorganic materials, and high ionic conductively and thermal stability, are widely application in the organic chemical reactions, separations, and electrochemical. In contrast to their successful applications in organic and materials chemistry, the use of RTILs in nanostructures synthesis is still in its infancy.Firstly, ionic liquids such as [BMIM]BF₄, [C₂OHMIM]BF₄, and[BY]BF₄ were synthesized. Then, we obtained many sulphides nanomaterials using the as prepared ionic liquids by the ultrasonic or microwave irradiation methods. This method is a rapid, nontoxic and environment-friendly synthesis route.Secondly, solventhermal method was used to synthesize CuS, CdS and PbS nanomaterials with ionic liquids instead of traditional organic solvents. The structures and morphologies of nanomaterials were characterized. Also, the effects of ionic liquids were studied on the morphology, uniformity and dispersibility. The results showed that the morphology, uniformity and dispersibility of as-prepared nanoparticles were all improved.Thirdly, ultrasonic method was applied to prepare CuS, ZnS, CdS and PbS nanomaterials under three different conditions: without ionic liquids and surfactants, with surfactants, with ionic liquids and surfactants. XRD characterization was used for structure analysis and the crystal lattice constants were calculated . Their morphologies were observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the absorbance property and monophotonic fluorescence of ZnS nanomaterial were studied.Fourthly, microwave method was applied to prepare CuS, CdS and PbS nanomaterials under relatively low temperature conditions. XRD characterization was used for structure analysis and the crystal lattice constants were calculated. Their morphologies were observed with FESEM. Also, the effects of ionic liquids and surfactants on the synthesis of nanomaterials were studied.