Synthesis Of Cleavable S-Triazine Fatty Sulfonate Surfactants And Study On Their Performance

Cleavable surfactants contain a weak bond which is cleavable under certain conditions (such as acid, alkaline, heat, UV irradiation, and so on). So they are more friendly to environment than common surfactants. At the same time, Cleavable surfactants can avoid troublesome problems such as foaming or unwanted emulsion formation after completing its application. Their products after cleavage possess some new functions that can be used in some special fields (such as biological pharmacy). Many scientists are very interested in further exploiting more properties of these products at home and abroad. Nowadays, exploiting new cleavable surfactants and studying their performance have become a hot topic in surfactant field.Four new cleavable s-triazine fatty sulfonate surfactants [2-fatty amino-4-(2-sulfonic ethyl) amino-6-chloro-1,3,5-s-triazine] with different length of alkyl chains were synthesized from cyanuric chloride, fatty amine and taurine (The abbreviations were OSEAT, DSEAT, TSEAT, HSEAT, respectively). And their yields were all higher than 85%.Structures of OSEAT, DSEAT, TSEAT, HSEAT were characterized by elemental analysis, 1HNMR, IR and UV. And their performance was studied. The results indicate that this series of surfactants possess following characters:These surfactants exhibit high surface activity. Their critical micellar concentration are 6.19×10^-3, 1.77×10^-4, 3.58×10^-5, 7.67×10^-5mol/L. Their surface tensions under critical micellar concentration are 39.21, 38.48, 32.53, 38.15mN/m. Their efficiency to reduce surface tension of water (pC20) are 2.81, 4.37, 5.01, 4.57 at 25℃, respectively.These surfactants exhibit better foaming ability and foam stability. The foaming power of DSEAT is biggest, and the height of foam reachs to peak value of 185mm. The foaming power of HSEAT increased with raising temperature, and the peak value is 144mm at 55℃. The anti-calcium ability of OSEAT is best, and its foaming power and foam stability were hardly influenced by calcium ion concentration.DSEAT and TSEAT exhibit obvious wetting property and emulsifying power. Their wetting time are 79.5s and 295.2s, and their emulsifying time are 107.5s and 93.5s, respectively.Compared with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfanate C12-LAS, the efficiency of this series of surfactants to reduce surface tension of water is higher, their stability in hard water is better, and the foaming power is strong. The wetting property and emulsification ability are excellent.