Study On Organic Composition Of Lacustrine Sediments And Water Environment Contaminated From Oil Spill In Northeast China

Lake contains abundant resource of water, heat, salt mine and biology. Furthermore, lake is very usefull in modulating climate and depurating environment. China has large numbers of lakes, which account for 8% of the total area of this country. So lake is very important resource in our country. Recently,with the speedup of Chinese industrialization, some obvious problems of lake environment emerged. Such as lake aging, lake entironment degradation and even drying up. Some of Chinese lakes are in eutrophication and the water quality of lakes becomes worse. Organic matter contamination is another problem we are afraid of . Organic matter contamination is not only poisonous but also aerobic. It can consume the oxygen quickly , make hydrophily biology dead and water quality worse, reduce the value of tour.Daqing oil field , which lacated in the northease campagna, is an important base of oil petrifaction industry. Daqing city has four boroughs and four counties with the population of 2.734 millions. There are 5.68 billion tons oil and 100 billion steres natural gas in Daqing oil field. So far from the establishment of Daqing oil field, more than 1. 8 billion tons oil were produced .which account for 47% of Chinese total oil output. Daqing oil field have made the annual output more than 50 million tons in 20 years continuously. During the 40 years of oil production, the environments around Daqing now have some problems , such as degradation of grassland , lake, water quality and soils. Consequently, the monitoring of water environment and the research of the infection which is from the oil industry are very significant for the protection of lake environment.Lacustrine sediments are the end-results of the organic matter. The organic matter of lakes can batter reflect the changes of lake environments and note the process of weathering and origin. This article is a study on the lacustrine sediments in Daqing through the technique of GC-MS. We analysed the composition of organic matter and the infection from oil industry to the lake environment.The results indicate that the anterior peaks of n-alkanes are higher than the back peaks in HLJ-7, HLJ-9, HLJ-11, HLJ-15.HLJ-24-1, HLJ-24-2 and HLJ-25 and the highest peaks is C16, C17 and C18.This is to say their organic origin is low biology such as bacilli and algae. The n-alkanes of the rest lakes show that the back peaks are higher than the anterior peaks and the highest peaks is C25, C27 and C29. This is to say their organic origin is high plants. The Paq of HLJ—9, HLJ—11, HLJ—12, HLJ -17, HLJ-18, HLJ-19, HLJ-20 and HLJ-22 range from 0.1 to 0.4, which revealed that the organic origins of these lakes are emergent macrophytes. The Paq of the rest lakes range from 0. 4 to 1, which revealed that the organic origins of these lakes are submerged/floating macrophytes.The lakes HLJ-1, HLJ-2, HLJ-3, HLJ-4, HLJ-5, HLJ-6 and HLJ—8 which is near Daqing city have low OEP. The average is 1.3 which is very close to the OEP of oil.According to the chromatogram, there are abundant UCM and geologic hopanes in HLJ—2, HLJ—5, HLJ—6 and HLJ—8, which is the sign of contamination from oil. So we guess these four lakes are very possible in contamination of oil hydrocarbon. No UCM and geologic hopane were detected in the rest lakes far from Daqing city and the OEP of these lakes range from 1.5 to 14.78 with the average of 3. 98. So the infection from oil industry to these lake environments is very puny.