The Synthesis And Technical Research Of Alkyl-propyl Ether Amines

As a kind of functional chemical materials, ether amines have been widely applyed to many fields such as chemical engineering and pharmic industry. In the past thirty years, ether amines have made tremendous contributions to the progress of the global chemical industry and the development of other relative industries. Among this kind of powerful chemicals, poly ether amine especially have been widely applied to epoxy materials, concrete additives, organic pigments, fuel, lubricating oil additives, plastics, medical materials, composite materials, herbicides and pesticides and other fields. With the rapid economic growth and fast development in chemical, pharmaceutical, building materials, and other industries in China, the domestic consumption of ether amines is surging quickly. However, the current internal demandof ether amines in China------especially poly ether amine------is still mainly relying ona large number of imports. This paper is aiming to seek to explore the optimum synthesis conditions of a series of ether amines for industrial production and accumulate the first-hand data to fill the domestic blankness.A convenient methodof preparing aliphatic ether amines based on the catalytic hydrogenation of cyanethylated alcohols, with the diethylene glycol as starting material, was reviewed in this paper. Meanwhile, the optimum process was obtained. The factors relative to the preparation such as the catalyst, solvent, temperature, pressure and co catalyst were also supervised. Finally the optimum conditions of synthesis alkyl-propylether amines were found in the orthogonal experiments:Reaction temperature: 100°C;Reaction pressure: 3.5～4 MPa;Reaction time: 100 min;Amount the candidate catalyst, Raney Ni was selective as the available one, and account for 20% of the quality of ether nitrile (wet weight);Amount of co catalyst: NaOH, the quality of ether nitrile from 1%.At the same time, this paper explored the feasibility of industrial production on the conditions of enlarging experiment and provided a theoretical basis for experimental data.Moreover, the paper also carried tetradecanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol and propylene glycol as the main raw material to the corresponding ether amine reactions. According to the experimental results, this paper also analyzed the choice method of raw materials.In this paper, the innovation lies as following:(1) Design and synthesis of a variety of types of linear alkyl-propyl ether amines, at the same time try to synthesis of branched-chain alkyl-propyl ether amines;(2) Improve catalytic hydrogenation process and avoid the conditions of high temperature and high pressure in traditional technology;(3) In the ether nitrile synthetic step, using the H₂O as reaction solvent, not only to greatly improve the product color, but also reduce the autopolymerization of acrylonitrile, and the yield was increased with the cost reduced;(4) A new process of directly hydrogenating without purified ether nitrile, giving high-yield and high purity ether amines demonstrate feasible, in order to streamline the production of industrial processes and provide a basis for lower costs;(5) In this paper, the design of the new technology and optimum process were discussed. Ether amine compounds were synthesized in simple steps with low pollution, low cost, easy solvent recovery and other obvious advantages. So, it is suitable for industrial production.