The Research Of PCBs And PAHs In Sediments Of Songhua River

Some organic compounds such as PCBs and PAHs, which belonged to endocrine disrupter chemicals, were endangering environment and human kinds. They existed in the environment and organism, disrupted the endocrine system, which made the biological function of the reproductive decline,but also had strong carcinogeneic effect. In addition they had long-range transport nature and therefore the study for such material was of great significance.Songhua River is important in northeastern regions, which runs through Jilin province and Heilong Jiang province,and accepts lots of tributaries. As a number of of cities and agricultural area are along the basin of Songhua River, the discharge of contaminants polluted Songhua River seriously. The study of Songhua River, which began in the 1980s, found there were different types of pollutants, but at present there was no system analysis study about Songhua River pollutants distribution, the Songhua River Basin was analysed. By collecting sediment samples of 32 locations of the Songhua River Basin, 19 species of PCBs and 16 PAHs of EPA prior control were analysed by using GC/MS. Then discussed the PCBS and PAHs contaminating case of the whole basin, made a preliminary analysis of sources, meanwhile and made pollution risk evaluation.PCBs compounds were detected in all collected samples. The results showed that the distribution of PCBs in sediment was dominatingly influenced by point source pollution. The distribution of total concent change was that the content was high in all urban locations especially in Jilin city situated in the upstream of Songhua River, the content was highest, achieved 85.94 ng/g, while the content was low in other agricultural area and th cities of the down stream of Songhua River, especially at the joined rivers the content was lowest, all lower than 0.8 ng/g. In the view of pollution evaluation, the content of PCBs in the whole Songhua River Basin was low, only the content near the city reached pollution level, especially Jilin city arrived at severe pollution.PAHs were detected in all collected samples from 32 locations, the total PAHs concentration ranged from 51.5~5172.4 ng/g. In general, the concentration of Phenanthrene, Fluoranthene and Pyrene were higher than others congeners, the average were 20.8 ng/g, 25.5 ng/g and 22.5 ng/g. The main reason was urban pollution, including gasoline and coal combustion, petrochemical production and waster disposal and so on. Through risk assessment, Jilin was very serious pollutant with obviously bad effects of biological effects, while PAHs were lower elsewhere and no serious cause pollution.