FGM Characteristic Analysis Of Compact Bone

Functionally graded materials (FGMs), a novel generation of composites of microscopic heterogeneity proposed in the early 1980s, are achieved by controlling the volume fractions, microstructure, porosity, etc. of the material constituents during manufacturing, which are typically made from isotropic components, such as metals ceramics and macromolecule, resulting in spatial gradient of macroscopic material properties of mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. As a result, FGMs possess various advantages over the conventional composite laminates, such as smaller thermal stresses, stress concentrations or intensity factors, attenuation of stress waves, etc. Therefore, FGMs have received wide applications in modern industries including aerospace, mechanical, electronics, optics, chemical, biomedical, nuclear, and civil engineering to name a few during the past two decades.In this article, by discussing the structure and mechanical characters between functionally graded materials and the compact bone, and with the analysis of elastic modulus along the radial distribution, the compact bone of shinbone in cattle can be considered as the functionally graded materials cylindrical shell.The fundamental dynamic equations of functionally graded material cylindrical shell are established. Then its general solution of natural frequencies and mode shapes for various FGM cylindrical shell is given and as an example the analytical expression of natural frequencies for cylindrical shell with simple boundary condition is presented. The axial compress stiffness of FGM cylindrical composite shells is analyzed using the shell theory, and the exact solutions of the buckling stress under simple boundary is obtained. Finally, considered the function of elastic modulus along the radial distribution, example is given.