Study Of The Ceramic Backing Used In One-sided Shielded Metal Arc Welding

With the development of our society, the national economy and the technology, the welding technology will inevitably develop toward the way of high quality, efficient, energy saving, production rationalization and automation. These qualities can be seen in the new welding technology of One-sided welding that suits the requirement of the times. Compared with the two-sided, it can change overhead position welding to flat position welding, change internal welding to external welding, save procedure on the clearance of the backside, easy to realize the automation, so as to improve the working conditions of workers and reduce labor intensity. Investigation shows that it can increase production efficiency by 3 times, save raw materials about 10% and energy about 50%, easy to use, simplify the assembly process and shorten the production cycle of welding, with very significant economic and social benefit.From the reality of domestic, a list of research has been done on high temperature sintered ceramic backing used for the need of one-sided shielded metal arc welding as the status quo of the current market is mainly CO₂ gas shielded ceramic backing.This paper analyzed two basic forming patterns of one-sided welding, suggested that backing materials and its properties is one of the main factors of influence quality of one-sided welding. Meanwhile introduced the principles of ingredient design of sintering type backing of SMAW, and design procedure of backing development ,and had given composite marks and analysis to manufacture process and quality of one-sided welding ,discussed thee influence of acid coefficient and beginning melting temperature on properties of backing and welding quality. In terms of the property parameters of backing and mass experimental results of composite analysis, determined the optional ingredient of ceramic backing of SMAW.This paper introduced manufacture procedure of ceramic backing. Start with the selecting and treating of raw materials based on the composition characteristics and shape of backing, analysis and discussed factors of influence pressure shaping and sintering properties of backing. Meanwhile in terms of experimental results and analysis to sintering quality of backing, decided the pressure process and sintering system. The results showed that the selecting treating of raw materials of backing, pressure shaping process and sintering system has important influence on quality of backing.This paper also discussed welding process experimental method and procedure of one-sided welding of SMAW. In terms of analysis the experimental results shown that the shape of back weld is closely related to welding current, arc voltage, welding velocity, operating electrode way, groove form and gap of assembling.The results of procedure qualification indicated that mechanical properties of welded joints are of good quality and internal weld with non-deficiency; elementary analysis indicated chemical components of weld metal satisfy the requirements.