Source Apportionment Of Atmospheric Inhalable Particulate Matter And Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Handan City

The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization led to the deterioration of the air quality .The particulate matter in ambient air as the key pollutant is a combination of a large number of different chemical species emitted from a number of different sources. Inhalable Particulate Matter (PM10,less than 10μm in aerodynamic diameter) can penetrate deep into the lung where they may exacerbate conditions such as bronchitis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) most of which existed in PM10 were well known for strong carcinogen. In order to establish strategy to control PM10 and PAHs pollution and to improve air quality,source apportionment had been conducted in Handan for identifying and quantifying the PM10 and PAHs sources.By investigating and identifying the numerous PM10 sources of Handan,the sources were classified into six types:resuspended dust,coal combustion dust,cement dust,vehicle exhaust dust,soil dust and steel dust. 113 samples of source were collected from differet sites. According to urban environmental factors, six typical sites respectively were chosen as receptor sampling places. 72 aerosol samples were collected.Samples were analyzed for inorganic elements,carbon,ions and PAHs compositions. The relative profiles were extracted.Chemical Mass Balance(CMB) receptor model and nested CMB receptor model had been applied for source apportionment of PM10.The contribution of the various sourses to PM10 and the contribution of single sources to urban resuspended dust were calculated. The order of six sources causing PM10 from strong to weak is: resuspended dust 35%,coal combustion 19%,cement dust 13%,vehicle exhaust dust 11%,soil dust 6%,steel dust 4%.According to the concentrations of PAHs in PM10 analyzed by GC-MS in six sites,the spatial and temporal distributions of PAHs were discussed. Comparing the BaP concentration of some cities with Handan,the BaP pollution lever was studied,the concentration of BaP exceeds the national level during the heating season and satisfies the level during the non-heating season.Using diagnostic ratio method, the source of PAHs was identified.Using CMB receptor model,the contribution rate of diverse sources to PAHs was quantified.The results of source apportionment by both ratio method and CMB receptor showed that caol combustion and vehicle exhausts were the main major sources of PAHs in Handan.,coal combustion 55.7% and vehicle exhaust dust 40.9% during the heating season;coal combustion 39.6% and vehicle exhaust dust 59.3% during the non-heating season.Based on the result,the strategies were presented to treat PM10 and PAHs pollution.