Performance Research On Feed Mechanism And Spindle Unit Of High Speed Lathe

The high speed machine is one of the major developing tendencies of modern machines, however, the high speed machine offers high requirement to drive system, that is, feed system and spindle system, Not only should it posses high spindle speed and feeding speed, but also high running acceleration of spindle and feeding systems. The high speed lathe is the most basic high speed machine in the machining field, as for the high speed lathe, it realizes cutting workpieces through the spindle rotating and the feeding of X-axis and Y-axis, so the performances of the feed mechanism and the spindle will affect directly the final performance of the machine. At present, in the mechanical industry, it is the most universal and direct method for realizing the machine high speed, which the feed mechanism applies linear motor or the spindle system adopts electronic spindle. So it is very important to study and apply the linear motor and electronic spindle with high speed during studying the high speed machine.Now electronic spindle is used widely all over the world. And the module of electronic spindle is more mature than before. But it need analyze more deeply. The linear motor feed system just start to use in our country. Although it is better than the traditional balling screws, it also has more difficulties for us, we should study it carefully. So it will solve the most difficulty and be realistic meaning, which we deeply study high speed linear motor feed mechanism and electronic spindle system by advanced designing methods and ideas for finding a way of solving high speed lathes and breaking the deadlock of imported high speed lathes in a long term.The subject studies theoretically and experiment on the two key structures and practices for the linear motor of X feeding mechanism for HTC2546 and electronic spindle for HTC2535ghs.Linear motor drive system can directly generate linear mechanical movement without any intermediate drive conversion mechanism and realizes so-called "Zero Clearance Drive", thereby realizing high speed of the machine and improving rapid response, positioning accuracy, rigidity and machining accuracy of the machine.As a result of small workload, low mismachining tolerance caused by cutting force and high rigidity and accuracy of the workpiece, the electronic spindle can realize high speed.This article does research on the theory and test of the two key parts: linear motor feed mechanism and electronic spindle system, taking two sets high speed horizontal lathe HTC2546 and HTC2535ghs as example.(1) There are some common key technologies in the structural design of the high speed lathe. After research on key technologies of structural design of high speed machine, mainly on high speed of feed mechanism and spindle system, we do deep research on some key points of designing the linear motor feed system and electronic spindle transmission system.(2) Adopting finite element to do research on the static rigidity of the saddle of the HTC2546 machine, optimizing the saddle structure, reducing the weight on the base of enabling enough rigidity, guaranteeing the lowest inertia force of the whole feeding parts, we improves the machine dynamic performance through improving the static rigidity.(3) Using computer dynamic simulation software to do research on the dynamic performance of the linear motor feed mechanism of machine HTC2546, we can do guiding preselection of system parameters such as position loop gain Kv, speed loop gain Kp of the feed system.(4) To the spindle system of high speed lathe using electronic spindle, the thermodynamic performance has big impact on the machine performance. After research on the heat transfer features of the electronic spindle and analysis of the methods to define the all kinds of thermodynamic parameters of the spindle system, we define all the thermodynamic parameters needed to do thermal analysis of the electronic spindle system about the machine HTC2535ghs.(5) Adopting finite element to do research of the dynamic performance of the spindle system of the high speed turning center, doing finite element thermal analysis to the main and sub spindle of the horizontal turning center HTC2535ghs, calculating the steady-state temperature field, comparing the analysis result to the test result of spindle temperature-rise and thermal distortion, we find good consistency of the analysis result and test result.CNC machines is basic equipments of national economy, its technical levels and contents are the important index of industrialization and modernization of a state, and relate to national strategic status, and incarnate comprehensive national strength of a state. The high speed machine is inexorable development trend of modern manufacture technique. Research of the article will offer theoretical foundation and support for the successful design and development of horizontal turning center with linear motor feed mechanism and electronic spindle drive system and important reference and experience for spreading and applying the design methods of CNC machines in future, therefore, promoting the application development of modern design techniques in the field of CNC machines.