A Study On The Exploitation Of Ethnic Ecological Moral Education Resources In Southwest Minority Regions

At present,the worldwide ecological crisis is becoming increasingly severe, bringing the humankind into an unprecedented predicament of survive and development. The root cause of this issue is the unlimited conquering and remaking nature by the human race which have cost us dear.This profound experience makes people reconsider and reassess their conduct and its consequence,realizing that we should considering for other living beings and built a new relationship between humanity and nature by morally constraining.Therefore,the Ecological Moral emerges as the times require and the Ecological Moral Education has become one of the major subjects in moral education in the 21^st century.The Southwest minority region in China owns a special natural and cultural system and there exist a multitude of valuable ecological moral educational resources in the traditional culture of the ethnic groups living here.They are the consistent functioning material,value and system shared by the local ethnic groups and play a positive role in people's cognition,emotion,determination and behavior of ecological morality,which are exploited and fully applied by educators.Exploiting these resources can provide a valuable perspective for Ecological Moral Education in terms of the contents and implementation and contribute to the innovation and constuction of Moral Education, thus,advocating the process of Ecological Civilization and the construction of a harmonious society in the Southwest minority region. The key to this study lies in the type of the ecological moral educational resources, which are shown in three different levels including the material level,the ideological level and the systematic level.The ecological moral educational resources in the material level can be found in the daily life and production of the ethnic groups in the Southwest region.The stockbreeding and farming are the two basic lifestyles of the ethnic groups.Forest slash-and-burn cultivation and hill rice growing are the two main ways of farming and the valuable traditional ecological moral educational resources enbodied in this culture are the rotating growing,the awareness of water conservation and the fertilization methods while the methods of nomads,the way of livestock choosing and birth control and their harmonious coexist with people constitue the enbodiments of the valuable traditional ecological moral educational resources of stockbreeding culture.Meanwhile,the dinning habit and residential constructions are also good instructive sources which are demonstrated in their lifestyle.These minorities have a temporate eating habit and they keep the drinking water clean,moreover,they have a special way of fuel treatment.In the term of constructive culture,they also preserve a distinguished tradition of construction and choosing their neighbourhood environment.The ecological moral educational resources in the ideological level can be found in legends,epics,primitive worship and religious believes.The southwest ethnic peple make an assumption and desciption of the formation of nature and the evolution of mankind expressing their appreciation of nature.They worship for nature and totem, manifested by the worship for plantation,animal and the heaven,which accommodate the relationship between the nature and them consiously and unsiously.The religious believes in this region are originated from both domestic religion and exotic religion.The domestic religion like Tibetan,Naxi and Bai ethnic minority groups,have the rules and regulations of nature-awe,nature-worship while Budism forbids killing,Taoism adovats abiding by the law of nature,Christianity develops the ecological humanism and Islamism keep a harmonious relationship with nature in the "moderate" way.Despite their different advocations,they all maintain to repect,well-treat and protect the nature and demonstrate affluent ecological moral educational resources. The ecological moral educational resources in the systematic level are generally shown in the unwritten regulations,taboos,retuals and tradions.For example,the "Yilang" of Miao,"Kuan" of Dong,"Hui" of Yaolao,"Shipai" of Yao,etc..Functioning as a way to regulate the social members,they are all commonplace in the unwritten regulations in the Southwest minority society.What is worth mentioning is that many of these regulations and traditons are designed to protect their forest,grass land,animals, plantations and water resources,to name but a few.They are the benchmark of nature-human relationship.The taboos of Southwest minority groups are multifarious, overall,there are four categories including the taboos about plants,animals,heaven and earth,and mountain and waters.They also exert a positive influence on the ecosystem. Other ecological moral educational resources can be exploited from their festival,funeral and bearing and reering traditions as well.There are three key features of these ecological moral educational resources.They are adaptability,practicality and simplicity.However,the prospect of these resources are not so inspiring as their functions.In recent years,with the unprecedented speed of productivity and development of living standard,the concept and lifestyle of the minorty people are altering at the same time. Some valuable ecological moral educational resources are neglected and disappear in some way,to which we should pay great attention.When exploiting the ecological moral educational resources,three rules should be followed:Openness,Livelihood and Economy.There are three exploitation strategies. First and foremost,the priority should be given to elevate the awareness,sense of duty and increase the enthusiasm of the ethnic groups to protect and exploite their ecological moral educational resources.Further,we shoud attach great importance of ecological education.Last but not least,the curriculum of ecological education should be planned and carried out in schools,in this way,the maximum value of ecological moral educational resources can be realized and their functions can be fulfilled as well.