Synthesis And Properties Of Carbon Nanomaterials

Due to the unique properties and potential applications in more and more fields,carbon nanomaterials have been paid tremendous attention these years.In this paper,large quantities of carbon spheres were successfully prepared via the simple and cost-effective metathesis reaction between CaC₂, C₂Cl₄ and CCl₄ at low temperature in the absence of catalysts.XRD and Raman analysis results are indicative of the highly disordered carbon structures.Large quantities of solid carbon spheres can be observed in the product obtained in the temperature range between 300 and 480℃by TEM. The spheres with surface area of 195.28 m²/g have a hydrogen storage capacity of 3.8 wt.%at room temperature under a pressure about 10 MPa.The synergic carbon sources are likely responsible for the formation of carbon spheres.Self-generated bubbles were firstly used as templates to prepare hollow carbon spheres by the reaction of CH₃CH₂OH and Zn.XRD result is demonstrative of the existence of carbon with low crystallinity.There is a constricted open end on each carbon sphere observed by FESEM and TEM. The possible formation mechanism of the carbon spheres is related to the H₂ bubbles produced during the reaction.The spheres have smaller surface area of 44.050 m²/g.Different kinds of carbon spheres were synthesized by the reaction of glucose/sucrose and Zn.XRD results demonstrate that the crystallization of the carbon spheres improved with the rise of reaction temperature.The morphologies of the product obtained under different experimental parameters have great difference observed by FESEM and TEM,which include hollow carbon spheres,naoporous carbon and carbon nano-fibers,giving rise to differences in pore size distribution,BET surface area and pore volume.Big hollow carbon spheres comprised of small ones were prepared for the first time by the reaction of C₆H₁₂O₆ and Zn.The sizes of the big spheres reach micrometer scale,and the small ones are about 80 nm.In this work,metallic Zn particles were used as reducing reagent and hard templates to react with glucose.And the H₂ bubbles produced during the reaction act as soft templates to form the hollow carbon spheres in large scale.