The Research And Application Of Ways To Control Fire And Explosion Happened In Oil Tin

Rock oil is used abroad in the fields of industry. Oil is easy to burning, explode, vaporize, leak, diffuse and accumulate. According the characteristic, oil tin is easy to have fire and explosion accident.The characteristics of fire and explosion accident happened in the oil tin are high temperature and great radiant heat. Great radiant heat can make liquid state oil change to other state, make oil tin dilapidation. By the great radiant heat, the temperature of tin wall will become higher and higher, then it may achieve or exceed the limit of the steel and make tin body sink. They can enlarge the fire and form fire in the section. Easy to form great area fire, easy to form explosion circumstance and having the character of instantaneous and complexity are the fire specialty of the tin section. The above specialties make it difficult to develop the actions to put out a fire. So it causes the loss of people and estate cruel.The types of fire and explosion accidents happened in Oil tin mainly include Pool Fires, Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion, Jet Fire, Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion and boil over. The text chooses to analyze the theory and method of three representative types including Pool Fire, Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion and Jet Fire. The text analyzes the specialty and harm degree mainly.After analyzing the accidents'aftereffect of different fire types, the text extends the result of analyzing. In allusion to the safety of the nearest oil tin and fire fighters, the text analyzes the fireproofing distance and the safe bailout distance mainly, based on the analyzing the accidents'aftereffect. The text exert analyzing result to the prevention and succor. By analyzing the fireproofing distance between oil tins and the safe succor distance for fire fighter, the text sums up the principles to confirm fireproofing distance between oil tins, to confirm the ability of fire control in the tin section which decide fireproofing distance's function. Hereby the three principles, the text try to found mode to control the fire accident's harm caused by oil tin. The mode includes five part, such as choosing the representative accident type, analyzing the accident model and fireproofing distance, confirming the ability to fire control and the safe succor distance. The mode can make up the leak of fireproofing design and the evil of confirming safe succor distance by experience and instinct.At last, The text exerts the mode to the case of 100×10~4m~3 oil storage warehouse, forecasts the fire and explosion accident happened in 10×10~4m~3 oil tin. The text chooses Pool Fire, Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion and Jet Fire to be the base of the mode. By using the mode it can get the following conclusion. In the Pool Fire, 79.15m is the safe critical distance for fire fighter. In the Pool Fire, if oil tins space between 26.78m, radiation can't threaten the oil tin around. Oil section must have the 4238.208m~3 water storage and 4.73 m~3 foam storage at least , it is the base and precondition to confirm fireproofing distance. In the Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion, further than 4315m is safe to people. In the Jet Fire caused by the 1cm~2 hole which has the distance of 20m to the liquid surface, further than 16.69m is safe to people. Confirming the safe distance can afford gist to evacuating.Combining the analyzing accident with the work of fireproofing and succor and setting up mode to control the fire accident's harm caused by oil tin are afford quantity gist to the work of fireproofing in the oil tin section. They also afford data support to succor safely. They make the work of fireproofing and succoring being scientific and having stringency.