Study On The Synthesis And Properties Of Gemini Cationic Surfactant

The present paper synthesized1,3-dichloropropanol used the glycerine and the Hydrogen chloride gas as raw material, and determined the optimum response condition;Besides,It used 1,3-dichloropropanol and the lauryl dimethyl amine as a raw material for synthesizing the Gemini cationic surfactant, and studied the optimum response condition. It tested surface tension, wetting, to increase dissolves, the sterilization, soft, and froth of the Gemini cationic surfactant. Used the single factor experiment and the orthogonal experiment separately to discuss the optimum response condition of this synthesis. The optimum condition for preparation of dichloropropanol with glycerol was obtained as follows: the reaction temperature was 105℃, the reaction time is 4h and catalyst loading was 7 % (w/w). The yield of the dichloropropanol had reached to 88.4%; The optimization condition of product synthesis was n (1,3-dichloropropanol): n (tertiary amine) =2.1: 1, the reaction time was 6h, used the propanol as the solvent, responded under the backflow temperature, The amount of reaction solvent n-propanol was 40% of the quality of raw materials. It was used of infrared spectroscopy (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) for the structural characterization of the end products.Studied the surface tension of Gemini cationic surfactant solution with ring. The results showed that: at 25℃, theγcmc were 37.1mN / m, 30.9mN / m, 34.7mN / m, 39.4mN / m and the cmc were 1.1×10^-3mol / L, 5.2×10^-4 mol / L, 1.1×10^-4mol / L, 4.5×10^-5mol / L with 1231, BQADC₁₂, BQADC₁₄, BQADC₁₈. We could see that Gemini cationic surfactants had a low critical surface tension and CMC .In addition,with the growth of carbon chain, CMC lower.Studied the application performance of Gemini cationic surfactants, such as soft, sterilization, emulsification, wetting, foam performance. We found that the Gemini cationic surfactant had a good application performance.