Manufacture Of Dye-Sensitized Nano-TiO₂ Photoelectricity Solar Cells

Nowadays the shortage of energy sources and environmental pollution are the two great issues which humans are facing with. The solar energy, an inexhaustible green energy, is one of the optimal ways to resolve energy crisis. Thus, research on the application technology of solar energy has attracted much attention from scientists. Currently, dye-sensitized nano-crystalline solar cell(DSSC) is one of popular research focus in the fields of nanotechology and photoelectric conversion material. It brings a more effective method for humans to use solar energy due to its cheap costs, simple technology route and steady performance. Electrospinning technique, a mature method in preparing nanofibres has received much attentions now. The reports on making nanoribbons by electrospinning and application of the electrospun TiO₂ nanofibers to DSSC are still lack, so the investigation of these fields is of importance.In this dissertation, sol-gel method was applied to prepare the precursor solution with certain viscosity, and electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/Ti(OC₄H₉)₄ composite nanofibers, PVP/Ti(SO₄)₂, PVP/Zn(NO₃)₂ and PVP/SnCl₄ composite nanoribbons. Hollow TiO₂ nanofibers with porous surface, TiO₂ nanoribbon, ZnO nanoribbons and SnO₂ nanoribbons were obtained by calcination of the above relevant composite samples. The prepared TiO₂ nanofibers were used as the thin film materials in solar cells, and used N3 as sensitizers to deal with the film. I₃^-/I^- solution was used as electrolyte. Dye-sensitized solar cells were assembled.The samples were systematically characterized by TGA-DTA, XRD, FTIR, SEM, et al. The results illustrated that the prepared TiO₂ nanofibers were all the orderly one-dimensional structure. The average diameter was 300 run and the length was greater than 200 urn. The solar cells using the nanofibers as the thin film had certain conversion efficiency and open circuit voltage. The width of nanoribbons was between 1 urn and 10μm, the length was 200μm-300μm and the thickness was 60 nm-400 nm. These new results will pave the way for further study of DSSC and nanophase materials.