Preparation And Characterization Of Conducting Polymer Nanofiber

One-dimensional structure of conducting polymer nanofiber materials research has been widely carried out in this field. People are able to prepare a lot of types of nanofibers, nanotubes, nanobelts, and in nano-optoelectronic devices, sensors, super capacitors and other areas to verify its potential application. However, there is a great distance from the practical application of the nano-structured materials. This paper discusses the main problem is how to prepare a large number of conductive polymer nano-materials. We prepared conductive polymers with one-dimensional nanostructures through interfacial polymerization and electrospinning respectively. Main results are listed as following:1. Polyaniline was prepared through magnetic force stirring and interfacial polymeriazation route. The morphologies and microstructures of polyaniline obtained in interfacial and bulk polymerization were compared. For interfacial polymerization, polyaniline nanofibers formed in the toluene/water interface, and then diffused into the water. The secondary growth of polyanilines can be effectively suppressed after the initial nanofibrillar formation step in interfacial polymerization reactions, which resulted in the different polyanline morphology obtained in interfacial and bulk polymerization. Obvious effects on microstructures of polyaniline products can be observed by changing the mole ratio of aniline to ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) and the concentration of aniline.2. Polyaniline of nanostructure was prepared by interfacial polymerization using hydrochloric acid as doping agent and reaction medium. Aniline and diphenylamine sulfonic sodium were dissolved in hydrochloric acid solution, and then ferrous disulfide was dissolved in the solution (Solution A). Peroxide of hydroxyl of isopropyl benzene was dissolved in toluene and the solution was transferred to a beaker (Solution B). Then Solution A was transferred into the beaker cautiously to form organic interface with water where the polymerization occurred. Fe²⁺ at the interface was oxidized to Fe³⁺ by peroxide of hydroxyl of isopropyl benzene in the organic phase, aniline monomer in the water phase was initiated by Fe³⁺ to form aniline cation radial and then the polymerization reaction took place. The structure of polyanion of nanofiber influenced by reaction temperature, time, concentration and monomer ratio were investigated.3. Anhydrous ethanol as a non-solvent of poly(3-hexylthiophene) mixed with chloroform to form mixed solvents. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) dissolved in the mixed solvent. The solutions were directly electrospinning for preparing pure polythiophene nanofibers. When the volume ratio of the chloroform and anhydrous ethanol was 85:15, spinning voltage was between 6～15 kV, receive distance was between 7～15 cm, pure poly (3-hexylthiophene) nanofiber with diameters of 1～2 um can be prepared.